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Ipratropium bromide/salbutamol, sold under the brand name Combivent among others, is a combination medication used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [ 1 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It contains ipratropium (an anticholinergic ) and salbutamol (albuterol, a β 2 -adrenergic agonist ).
The rationale behind using inhaled corticosteroids and formoterol combination therapy as a reliever as opposed to salbutamol, a short-acting β2-adrenergic agonist, is that this dosage regimen shows a reduction in the severe asthma exacerbation risk compared with using β2-adrenergic agonists reliever.
Salbutamol, also known as albuterol and sold under the brand name Ventolin among others, [1] is a medication that opens up the medium and large airways in the lungs. [8] It is a short-acting β 2 adrenergic receptor agonist that causes relaxation of airway smooth muscle . [ 8 ]
Salbutamol/budesonide, sold under the brand name Airsupra, is a fixed-dose combination medication for the treatment of bronchoconstriction and asthma. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is a combination of salbutamol sulfate (albuterol sulfate), a short-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist , and budesonide , an inhaled corticosteroid .
Salbutamol and terbutaline are also both available in oral forms. [11] In addition, several of these medications are available in intravenous forms, including both salbutamol and terbutaline . It can be used in this form in severe cases of asthma , but it is more commonly used to suppress premature labor because it also relaxes uterine muscle ...
The median effective dose is the dose that produces a quantal effect (all or nothing) in 50% of the population that takes it (median referring to the 50% population base). [6] It is also sometimes abbreviated as the ED 50, meaning "effective dose for 50% of the population". The ED50 is commonly used as a measure of the reasonable expectancy of ...
In a medicine that is administered periodically, the trough level should be measured just before the administration of the next dose in order to avoid overdosing. [3] A trough level is contrasted with a "peak level" ( C max ), which is the highest level of the medicine in the body, and the "average level", which is the mean level over time.
So, the maintenance dose of foosporin is 100 milligrams (100 mg) per day—just enough to offset the amount cleared. Suppose a patient just started taking 100 mg of foosporin every day. On the first day, they'd have 100 mg in their system; their body would clear 10 mg, leaving 90 mg.