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In another study relating to the gene and financial risk, Dr. Dreber and colleagues found a correlation between increased risk-taking and the DRD4 gene in young males. [9] Although studies support the link between novelty seeking and dopaminergic activity via DRD4, other studies do not exhibit a strong correlation.
Results are consistent with novelty-seeking behavior being a complex trait associated with many genes, and the variance attributable to DRD4 by itself being very small. The meta-analysis of 11 studies did find that another polymorphism in the gene, the -521C/T, showed an association with novelty seeking. [21]
Dopamine transporter DAT1 and dopamine receptor DRD4 are associated with novelty seeking. [citation needed] Parkinson's patients, who are intrinsically low in dopamine, are found to have low novelty seeking scores. [citation needed] Gene variants that have been investigated are, e.g., 5-HTTLPR in the serotonin transporter gene and gene variants ...
The SNP has been investigated with respect to novelty seeking, — a personality trait that may be measured with the Temperament and Character Inventory. [2] [3] A 2008 meta-analysis indicates a possible association between novelty seeking and C-521T though rather small. [4]
The RCCX module is related to personality traits such as novelty seeking and impulsivity [25] as major histocompatibility complex (MHC), where the RCCX module is located, may affect these traits through its role in immune function and neurodevelopment, still, the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. [3]
According to some publications, SNPs in DRD4 are associated with extraversion and novelty seeking. [6] Also variations in 5HTT are associated with neuroticism and harm avoidance. [7] Family and twins studies: The studies of genomics of personality traits involves families and specifically twins, because they have a high heritability of the traits.
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Cloninger's tridimensional personality theory offers three independent "temperament" dimensions which aid in measuring how different individuals feel or behave. Reward Dependence (RD) is one of the three temperament dimensions, the other two being "Harm Avoidance (HA)" and "Novelty Seeking (NS)". A temperament, according to Cloninger, is the ...