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  2. sed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sed

    sed is a line-oriented text processing utility: it reads text, line by line, from an input stream or file, into an internal buffer called the pattern space. Each line read starts a cycle . To the pattern space, sed applies one or more operations which have been specified via a sed script . sed implements a programming language with about 25 ...

  3. grep - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grep

    Boyer–Moore string-search algorithm; agrep, an approximate string-matching command; find (Windows) or Findstr, a DOS and Windows command that performs text searches, similar to a simple grep; find (Unix), a Unix command that finds files by attribute, very different from grep; List of Unix commands; vgrep, or "visual grep" ngrep, the network grep

  4. strings (Unix) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strings_(Unix)

    In computer software, strings is a program in Unix, Plan 9, Inferno, and Unix-like operating systems that finds and prints the strings of printable characters in files. The files can be of regular text files or binary files such as executables.

  5. Regular expression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression

    (empty string) ε denoting the set containing only the "empty" string, which has no characters at all. ( literal character ) a in Σ denoting the set containing only the character a . Given regular expressions R and S, the following operations over them are defined to produce regular expressions:

  6. Knuth–Morris–Pratt algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knuth–Morris–Pratt...

    In computer science, the Knuth–Morris–Pratt algorithm (or KMP algorithm) is a string-searching algorithm that searches for occurrences of a "word" W within a main "text string" S by employing the observation that when a mismatch occurs, the word itself embodies sufficient information to determine where the next match could begin, thus bypassing re-examination of previously matched characters.

  7. Rabin–Karp algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabin–Karp_algorithm

    We assume all the substrings have a fixed length m. A naïve way to search for k patterns is to repeat a single-pattern search taking O(n+m) time, totaling in O((n+m)k) time. In contrast, the above algorithm can find all k patterns in O(n+km) expected time, assuming that a hash table check works in O(1) expected time.

  8. nl (Unix) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nl_(Unix)

    The command has a number of switches: a - number all lines; t - number lines with printable text only; n - no line numbering; string - number only those lines containing the regular expression defined in the string supplied. The default applied switch is t. nl also supports some command line options.

  9. Smallest grammar problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smallest_grammar_problem

    A grammar that generates only a single string, as required for the solution to this problem, is called a straight-line grammar. [ 3 ] Every binary string of length n {\displaystyle n} has a grammar of length O ( n / log ⁡ n ) {\displaystyle O(n/\log n)} , as expressed using big O notation . [ 3 ]