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Elasmobranchii (/ ɪ ˌ l æ z m ə ˈ b r æ ŋ k i aɪ / [6]) is a subclass of Chondrichthyes or cartilaginous fish, including modern sharks (superorder Selachii), rays, skates, and sawfish (superorder Batoidea).
The modern bony fishes, class Osteichthyes, appeared in the late Silurian or early Devonian, about 416 million years ago. The first abundant genus of shark, Cladoselache, appeared in the oceans during the Devonian Period. The first cartilaginous fishes evolved from Doliodus-like spiny shark ancestors.
Sharks and other cartilaginous fish (skates and rays) have skeletons made of cartilage and connective tissue. Cartilage is flexible and durable, yet is about half the normal density of bone. This reduces the skeleton's weight, saving energy. [29] Because sharks do not have rib cages, they can easily be crushed under their own weight on land. [30]
The following is the full list of the extant species in Class Chondrichthyes, or the cartilaginous fish. Members of this class have a backbone , gills , no swim bladder , jaws , and a skeleton made of cartilage , a soft, strong material as a replacement for bone .
Ghost sharks, also called chimaeras, are a group of cartilaginous fish closely related to sharks and rays. They are, however, not actual sharks. Chimaeras are also called ratfish, rabbitfish and ...
Chimaeras are soft-bodied, shark-like fish with bulky heads and long, tapered tails; measured from the tail, they can grow up to 150 cm (4.9 ft) in length. Like other members of the class Chondrichthyes, chimaera skeletons are entirely cartilaginous, or composed of cartilage.
A deep water animal, the ghost shark is scientifically known as chimaera and is closely related to sharks and rays. They are cartilaginous fish – having skeletons primarily made up of cartilage ...
Batomorphi is a clade of cartilaginous fishes, commonly known as rays, this taxon is also known as the superorder Batoidea, but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies it as the division Batomorphi. [2] They and their close relatives, the sharks, compose the subclass Elasmobranchii. Rays are the largest group of cartilaginous fishes ...