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Molecular motors are natural (biological) or artificial molecular machines that are the essential agents of movement in living organisms. In general terms, a motor is a device that consumes energy in one form and converts it into motion or mechanical work ; for example, many protein -based molecular motors harness the chemical free energy ...
The prototype of a chemically driven rotary molecular motor by Kelly and co-workers. The motor by Kelly and co-workers is an elegant example of how chemical energy can be used to induce controlled, unidirectional rotational motion, a process which resembles the consumption of ATP in organisms in order to fuel numerous processes. However, it ...
Examples of molecular tweezers have been reported that are constructed from DNA and are considered DNA machines. [74] Nanocar: Single-molecule vehicles that resemble macroscopic automobiles and are important for understanding how to control molecular diffusion on surfaces. The image on the right shows an example with wheels made of fullerene ...
The Tesla Model Y is the first electric vehicle to become the world's best-selling car in 2023, outselling the Toyota Corolla. [1]Battery electric vehicles are vehicles exclusively using chemical energy stored in rechargeable battery packs, with no secondary source of propulsion (e.g., hydrogen fuel cell, internal combustion engine, etc.).
This is a list of fuel cell vehicles (FCV), or fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV), that use a fuel cell to power an electric drive system. For Hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicles (HICEV) see the List of hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicles .
Automobile manufacturers are companies and organizations that produce motor vehicles. Many of these companies are still in business, and many of the companies are defunct. Only companies that have articles on Wikipedia are included in this list. The list is sorted by country of origin.
The following is a list of passenger automobiles assembled in the United States. Note that this refers to final assembly only, and that in many cases the majority of added value work is performed in other regions through manufacture of component parts from raw materials.
Hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicles are different from hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (which utilize hydrogen electrochemically rather than through combustion). Instead, the hydrogen internal combustion engine is simply a modified version of the traditional gasoline-powered internal combustion engine.