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The Maynard carbine was a breech-loaded carbine used by cavalry in the American Civil War.The First Model was manufactured between 1858 and 1859. About 5,000 were made. In United States service it was distributed to the 9th Pennsylvania and 1st Wisconsin cavalry regiments, United States Marines aboard the USS Saratoga and the United States Revenue Cutter Service.
A carbine (/ ˈ k ɑːr b iː n / or / ˈ k ɑːr b aɪ n /), [1] from French carabine, [2] is a long arm firearm but with a shorter barrel than a rifle or musket. [3] Many carbines are shortened versions of full-length rifles, shooting the same ammunition, while others fire lower-powered ammunition, typically ranging from pistol/PDW to intermediate rifle cartridges.
The Maynard tape system gave the Model 1855 a unique hump under the rifled musket's hammer. The weapon could also be primed in the usual way with standard percussion caps if the tape was unavailable. The Secretary of War at the time Jefferson Davis authorized the adoption of the Maynard system for the Model 1855. [4]
Soldier of the 1st Mississippi Cavalry Battalion, holding a Maynard carbine.. In the spring of 1861, various Mississippi cavalry companies volunteered for military service and traveled to Tennessee, including the Pontotoc Dragoons, an prewar volunteer company dating back to the time of the Mexican-American War. [1]
The company then limited its revolver production to relatively unpopular designs by Edward Maynard until 1857, when Colt's patent expired. Maynard patented his revolutionary breechloading rifle in 1851. It was actually manufactured by Massachusetts Arms, which had been using Maynard's system under contract for several years.
Diagram of a Springfield Model 1855 Musket's lock mechanism. The small plate with the eagle on it is the cover for the Maynard tape system. Maynard's new system still required the musket's powder and Minié ball to be loaded conventionally into the barrel, but the tape system meant that the percussion cap no longer needed to be manually loaded onto the percussion lock's nipple.
Mannlicher M1895 (Austria-Hungary – rifle – 1895) Marlin Model 1894 (USA – rifle – 1894) Mars Automatic Pistol (United Kingdom – pistol – 1897) Martini–Henry Mark I, II, III, and IV (United Kingdom – rifle – 1871) Massachusetts Arms Maynard Carbine (USA – rifle – 1851) Mauser. Gewehr 71 (German Empire – rifle – 1871)
The Model 1863 could be converted to breech-loading for about five dollars, at a time when a new rifle would cost about twenty dollars. The conversion of Model 1863 rifles therefore represented a significant cost savings to the U.S. military. The US Military adopted various models like the Springfield Model 1866.