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The Fenian raids were a series of incursions carried out by the Fenian Brotherhood, an Irish republican organization based in the United States, on military fortifications, customs posts and other targets in Canada (then part of British North America) in 1866, and again from 1870 to 1871.
The Fenian Chief: a Biography of James Stephens. Coral Gables, 1969. Senior, Hereward (1991). The Last Invasion of Canada: The Fenian Raids, 1866–1870. Dundurn. ISBN 978-1-77070-064-2. Steward, Patrick, and Bryan P. McGovern. The Fenians: Irish Rebellion in the North Atlantic World, 1858-1876. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2013.
The Battle of Trout River was a military conflict that occurred on 27 May 1870. It was a part of the Fenian raids. This battle occurred outside of Huntingdon, Quebec near the international border about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Malone, New York. The location of this battle should not be confused with Trout River in the Northwest Territories.
John Charles O'Neill (9 March 1834 – 8 January 1878) was an Irish-born officer in the American Civil War and member of the Fenian Brotherhood. O'Neill is best known for his activities leading the Fenian raids on Canada in 1866 and 1871. [1]
English: Photograph of the Red Sashes with the captured Fenian Cannon, 1870. Front row - Asa Westover, Andrew Ten Eyck, Arthur Gilmour, Charles Galer and J. G. Pell. Back row - James Westover and Allen Hogaboon. (Missisquoi Historical Society Collections)
The period of the Fenian raids in the 1860s and early 1870s was the peak of the efficiency of the Canadian militia. [5] In 1866, at the Battle of Ridgeway the Fenians defeated the Canada West militia owing to the inexperience of the militiamen, but in 1870 the Quebec militia drove back the Fenians at Trout River and Eccles Hill with little ...
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He was commissioned as an ensign in 1865 and served during the Fenian raids. In 1867, Kennedy was gazetted as a captain in the newly formed 57th Peterborough Battalion of Infantry. [1] In 1870 he joined the Wolseley expedition to fight the Red River Rebellion in what is now Manitoba. He remained in Manitoba after the fighting ended. [1]