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Dressings can also regulate the chemical environment of a wound, usually with the aim of preventing infection by the impregnation of topical antiseptic chemicals. Commonly used antiseptics include povidone-iodine, boracic lint dressings or historically castor oil. [5] Antibiotics are also often used with dressings to prevent bacterial infection.
Hydrocolloid dressings are used to treat uninfected wounds. [6] Dressings may be used, under medical supervision, even where aerobic infection is present; the infection should be treated appropriately. [citation needed] The dressing is applied to a cleaned wound. Hydrocolloid patches are sometimes used on the face for acne.
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Ideally, wound dressings should be changed daily to promote a clean environment and allow for daily evaluation of wound progression. Highly exudative wounds and infected wounds should be monitored closely and may require more frequent dressing changes. [33] Negative pressure wound dressings can be changed less frequently, every 2–3 days. [42]
Alginate dressings are useful for moderate to heavily exuding wounds. In the form of fibres trapped in a wound, alginate is readily biodegradable [ 15 ] and can be rinsed away with saline irrigation. Subsequent removal therefore, does not destroy granulation tissue, making dressing change virtually painless.
Hydrogel dressings should promote an appropriate microenvironment for angiogenesis, recruitment of fibroblasts, and cellular proliferation. [ 2 ] [ 4 ] Hydrogels respond elastically to applied stress; gels made from materials like collagen exhibit high toughness and low sliding friction, reducing damage from mechanical stress.
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