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C2 Proficiency, previously known as Cambridge English: Proficiency and the Certificate of Proficiency in English (CPE), is an English language examination provided by Cambridge Assessment English (previously known as Cambridge English Language Assessment and University of Cambridge ESOL examination).
The Examination for the Certificate in Proficiency in English (ECPE) is an advanced level English language qualification that focuses on Level C2 of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). It is developed by CaMLA, a not-for-profit collaboration between the University of Michigan and the University of Cambridge.
Cambridge Assessment English exams, starting with C2 Proficiency in 1913, B2 First in 1939, and B1 Preliminary in 1980, gave learners and teachers different curriculum and examination levels. [1] By the early 1990s, with the addition of A2 Key and C1 Advanced, Cambridge English exams provided a range of different curriculum and examination ...
In 1988, with just two established exams (B2 First and C2 Proficiency), exam candidature was around 180,000. By 2002, with a more comprehensive range of exams, the exam candidature was over 1 million; by 2007, it was over 2 million, by 2013, it was over 4 million; and by 2017, it was over 5.5 million. [69]
The scale aims to provide exam users with more detailed information about their exam performance than was previously available. From January 2015, results for B2 First, B2 First for schools, C1 Advanced and C2 Proficiency began reporting on the scale.
The following is a non-exhaustive list of standardized tests that assess a person's language proficiency of a foreign/secondary language. Various types of such exams exist per many languages—some are organized at an international level even through national authoritative organizations, while others simply for specific limited business or study orientation.
Two West Point Cadets made history earlier this year when they became the first women to graduate from Army Ranger School. Enlistment numbers for minorities tell a similar story. In 2012, approximately 30 percent of active-duty soldiers didn't identify as white.
View history; General What links here; ... C2 Proficiency; ... Examination for the Certificate of Competency in English;