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Common causes of an acute abdomen include a gastrointestinal perforation, peptic ulcer disease, mesenteric ischemia, acute cholecystitis, appendicitis, diverticulitis, pancreatitis, and an abdominal hemorrhage. However, this is a non-exhaustative list and other less common causes may also lead to an acute abdomen. [2]
Acute abdomen is a condition where there is a sudden onset of severe abdominal pain requiring immediate recognition and management of the underlying cause. [7] The underlying cause may involve infection, inflammation, vascular occlusion or bowel obstruction. [7] The pain may elicit nausea and vomiting, abdominal distention, fever and signs of ...
The presentation of acute appendicitis includes acute abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever. As the appendix becomes more swollen and inflamed, it begins to irritate the adjoining abdominal wall. This leads the pain to localize at the right lower quadrant. This classic migration of pain may not appear in children under three years.
[2] [3] One part or the entire abdomen may be tender. [1] Complications may include shock and acute respiratory distress syndrome. [4] [5] Causes include perforation of the intestinal tract, pancreatitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, stomach ulcer, cirrhosis, a ruptured appendix or even a perforated gallbladder. [3]
The bruising appears as a blue discoloration, [1] and is a sign of retroperitoneal hemorrhage, or bleeding behind the peritoneum, which is a lining of the abdominal cavity. Grey Turner's sign takes 24–48 hours to develop, and can predict a severe attack of acute pancreatitis. [2] Grey Turner's sign may be accompanied by Cullen's sign. Both ...
White blood cells and blood lactate levels may also be elevated, particularly in the case of advanced disease including peritonitis and sepsis. [20] Differential diagnoses of gastrointestinal perforation includes other causes of an acute abdomen, including appendicitis, diverticulitis, ruptured ovarian cyst, or pancreatitis. [21]
Along with abdominal pain, an individual might experience rectal bleeding, abnormal weight loss if it’s severe enough, nausea, vomiting, and bloating or the feeling of fullness.
Intra-abdominal infection (IAI, also spelled intraabdominal) is a group of infections that occur within the abdominal cavity. They vary from appendicitis to fecal peritonitis . [ 1 ] Risk of death despite treatment is often high.