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Svalbard Global Seed Vault. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault (Norwegian: Svalbard globale frøhvelv) is a secure backup facility for the world's crop diversity on the Norwegian island of Spitsbergen in the remote Arctic Svalbard archipelago. [5] The Seed Vault provides long-term storage of duplicates of seeds conserved in genebanks around the world.
Seed dormancy. Seed dormancy is an evolutionary adaptation that prevents seeds from germinating during unsuitable ecological conditions that would typically lead to a low probability of seedling survival. [1] Dormant seeds do not germinate in a specified period of time under a combination of environmental factors that are normally conducive to ...
Seed dispersal is likely to have several benefits for different plant species. Seed survival is often higher away from the parent plant. This higher survival may result from the actions of density-dependent seed and seedling predators and pathogens, which often target the high concentrations of seeds beneath adults. [4]
The type of seed dispersal evolved has been highly correlated to seed size in floras across the world. [22] In general, seeds smaller than 0.1 mg are often unassisted (wind dispersed), seeds larger than 100 mg are often dispersed by vertebrates or by water, and seeds between 0.1 and 100 mg are dispersed by a large variety of dispersal modes ...
Melaku Worede (Amharic: መላኩ ወረደ; 1936 – 31 July 2023) was an Ethiopian geneticist and agronomist renowned for building one of the finest seed conservation centres in the world, employing science to benefit poor farmers, and saving Africa's seeds from oblivion.
Carbon-dated. The oldest viable seed that has grown into a full plant was an about 2,000 years old Judean date palm seed, recovered from excavations at Herod the Great 's palace on Masada in Israel. It had been preserved in a cool, dry place, not by freezing. It was germinated in 2005. [3][4][5][6]
Seed dormancy has two main functions: the first is synchronizing germination with the optimal conditions for survival of the resulting seedling; the second is spreading germination of a batch of seeds over time so a catastrophe (e.g. late frosts, drought, herbivory) does not result in the death of all offspring of a plant (bet-hedging). [33]
Epilobium hirsutum — Seed head. In the broadest sense, dispersal occurs when the fitness benefits of moving outweigh the costs. There are a number of benefits to dispersal such as locating new resources, escaping unfavorable conditions, avoiding competing with siblings, and avoiding breeding with closely related individuals which could lead to inbreeding depression.