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  2. Reinforced concrete column - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_Concrete_Column

    Reinforced concrete column. (Redirected from Reinforced Concrete Column) A reinforced concrete column is a structural member designed to carry compressive loads, composed of concrete with an embedded steel frame to provide reinforcement. For design purposes, the columns are separated into two categories: short columns and slender columns.

  3. Spacing effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacing_effect

    The spacing effect demonstrates that learning is more effective when study sessions are spaced out. This effect shows that more information is encoded into long-term memory by spaced study sessions, also known as spaced repetition or spaced presentation, than by massed presentation ("cramming"). The phenomenon was first identified by Hermann ...

  4. Typographic alignment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typographic_alignment

    Typographic alignment. In typesetting and page layout, alignment or range is the setting of text flow or image placement relative to a page, column (measure), table cell, or tab (and often to an image above it or under it). The type alignment setting is sometimes referred to as text alignment, text justification, or type justification.

  5. Lally column - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lally_column

    Lally column. A Lally column is a round or square thin-walled structural steel column filled with concrete, [1] and oriented vertically to provide support to beams or timbers stretching over long spans. Lally columns are an engineered component and as such must be installed exactly as the design engineer specified.

  6. Intercolumniation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercolumniation

    Intercolumniation. In architecture, intercolumniation is the proportional spacing between columns in a colonnade, often expressed as a multiple of the column diameter as measured at the bottom of the shaft. [1] In Classical, Renaissance, and Baroque architecture, intercolumniation was determined by a system described by the first-century BC ...

  7. Concrete cover - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_cover

    Concrete cover. Concrete cover, in reinforced concrete, is the least distance between the surface of embedded reinforcement and the outer surface of the concrete (ACI 130). The concrete cover depth can be measured with a cover meter. The purpose of concrete cover is to protect the reinforcement from corrosion, fire, and other potential damage.

  8. Column - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column

    Column of the Gordon Monument in Waterloo. A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member. The term column applies especially to a large round support ...

  9. Underpinning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underpinning

    Underpinning. In construction or renovation, underpinning is the process of strengthening the foundation of an existing building or other structure. Underpinning may be necessary for a variety of reasons: The original foundation isn't strong or stable enough. The usage of the structure has changed. The properties of the soil supporting the ...