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The nitrates are used for the treatment and prevention of angina and acute myocardial infarction, while molsidomine acts too slowly to be useful for the treatment of acute angina. [2] For quick action in the treatment of angina, glyceryl trinitrate is used in form of a sublingual spray (nitro spray) or as soft capsules to be crunched.
Long acting nitrates are taken 2-3 times per day and can be used to prevent angina. [6] Beta-blockers may also be used to reduce the incidence of chronic angina. [6] Beta-blockers prevent episodes of angina by reducing heart rate and reducing the strength of contraction of the heart, which lowers oxygen demand in the heart. [6]
It can have many potential causes, including genetics, lifestyle habits, and underlying health issues. Some types of cardiovascular disease, such as some cardiomyopathies, develop due to factors ...
Short-acting nitrates are used to abort angina attacks that have occurred, while longer-acting nitrates are used in the prophylactic management of the condition. Agents include glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) , pentaerythritol tetranitrate , isosorbide dinitrate and isosorbide mononitrate .
Nifedipine, sold under the brand name Procardia among others, is a calcium channel blocker medication used to manage angina, high blood pressure, Raynaud's phenomenon, and premature labor. [2] It is one of the treatments of choice for Prinzmetal angina. [2] It may be used to treat severe high blood pressure in pregnancy. [2]
Most individuals with variant angina have a favorable prognosis provided they are maintained on calcium channel blockers and/or long-acting nitrates; five-year survival rates in this group are estimated as over 90%. [4] [19] The Japanese Coronary Spasm Association established a clinical risk scoring system to predict outcomes for variant angina.
Angina is typically the result of partial obstruction or spasm of the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle. [3] The main mechanism of coronary artery obstruction is atherosclerosis as part of coronary artery disease. Other causes of angina include abnormal heart rhythms, heart failure and, less commonly, anemia. [4]
Isosorbide dinitrate is in the nitrate family of medications and works by dilating blood vessels. [1] Isosorbide dinitrate was first written about in 1939. [3] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [4] Isosorbide dinitrate is available as a generic medication. [1] [5] A long-acting form exists. [1]