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Phenomenography is a qualitative research methodology, within the interpretivist paradigm, that investigates the qualitatively different ways in which people experience something or think about something. [1] It is an approach to educational research which appeared in publications in the early 1980s.
Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) is a qualitative form of psychology research. IPA has an idiographic focus, which means that instead of producing generalization findings, it aims to offer insights into how a given person, in a given context, makes sense of a given situation .
The descriptive phenomenological method in psychology [1] [2] was developed by the American psychologist Amedeo Giorgi in the early 1970s. Giorgi based his method on principles laid out by philosophers like Edmund Husserl and Maurice Merleau-Ponty as well as what he had learned from his prior professional experience in psychophysics. [ 3 ]
Phenomenology or phenomenological psychology, a sub-discipline of psychology, is the scientific study of subjective experiences. [1] It is an approach to psychological subject matter that attempts to explain experiences from the point of view of the subject via the analysis of their written or spoken words. [ 2 ]
Phenomenological description has found widespread application within psychology and the cognitive sciences. For example, Maurice Merleau-Ponty is the first well known phenomenologist to openly mingle the results of empirical research with phenomenologically descriptive research.
DES literature contains examples of participants originally mistaken about their experience. For example, one participant, Donald, prior to DES, described his experience as mostly consisting of anxiety. But DES Sampling revealed that in a good deal of his samples he was angry, specifically at his children.
From 1990 to 1994, Moustakas published Heuristic Research: Design, Methodology and Applications and Phenomenological Research Methods. In 2004 Moustakas and his daughter Kerry published Loneliness, Creativity, and Love: Awakening Meanings in Life. Clark Moustakas died on 10 October 2012 at his home in Farmington Hills, Michigan, at the age of ...
Multiple lines of evidence on the mechanisms and phenomenology of depression suggest that mild to moderate (or "normative") depressed states preserve an individual's inclusion in key social contexts via three intersecting features: a cognitive sensitivity to social risks and situations (e.g., "depressive realism"); it inhibits confident and ...