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Indonesian slang vernacular (Indonesian: bahasa gaul, Betawi: basa gaul), or Jakarta colloquial speech (Indonesian: bahasa informal, bahasa sehari-hari) is a term that subsumes various urban vernacular and non-standard styles of expression used throughout Indonesia that are not necessarily mutually intelligible.
It is the native language of perhaps 5 million people; a precise number is difficult to determine due to the vague use of the name. Betawi Malay is a popular informal language in contemporary Indonesia, used as the base of Indonesian slang and commonly spoken in Jakarta TV soap operas and some animated cartoons (e.g. Adit Sopo Jarwo). [2]
Sundanese language, spoken in West Java, Banten and Jakarta. Balinese language, spoken in Bali. Madurese language, spoken in Madura, Bawean and surrounding islands off the coast of Java. Sasak language, spoken in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Barito languages: Ma'anyan language, closely related to the Malagasy language spoken in Madagascar.
Rencong alphabet, native writing systems found in central and South Sumatra.The text reads (Voorhoeve's spelling): "haku manangis ma / njaru ka'u ka'u di / saru tijada da / tang [hitu hadik sa]", which is translated by Voorhoeve as: "I am weeping, calling you; though called, you do not come" (in modern Malay "Aku menangis, menyerukan engkau, kaudiseru, tiada datang [itu adik satu]").
The dialect spoken on the north coast, Banten and Cirebon are considered less refined, and the language spoken by Baduy people is considered the archaic type of Sundanese language, [13] before the adoption of the concept of language stratification to denote rank and respect as demonstrated (and influenced) by Javanese.
Also, whereas the Indonesian word butuh (from Sundanese ᮘᮥᮒᮥᮂ butuh) means "require" or "need", [43] in Malay, it is a vulgar slang term referring to male genitalia. [44] Conversely, where the word "banci" seems innocuous enough in Malaysia ("census"), [45] in Indonesia it is a derogatory term for "transvestite". [46]
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Most spoken languages, Ethnologue, 2024 [4] Language Family Branch First-language (L1) speakers Second-language (L2) speakers Total speakers (L1+L2) English (excl. creole languages) Indo-European: Germanic: 380 million 1.135 billion 1.515 billion Mandarin Chinese (incl. Standard Chinese, but excl. other varieties) Sino-Tibetan: Sinitic: 941 ...