Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The temperature of the thermopause could range from nearly absolute zero to 987.547 °C (1,810 °F). Below this, the atmosphere is defined to be active [clarification needed] on the insolation received, due to the increased presence of heavier gases such as monatomic oxygen. The solar constant is thus expressed at the thermopause.
Reconstruction of the past 5 million years of climate history, based on oxygen isotope fractionation in deep sea sediment cores (serving as a proxy for the total global mass of glacial ice sheets), fitted to a model of orbital forcing (Lisiecki and Raymo 2005) [2] and to the temperature scale derived from Vostok ice cores following Petit et al. (1999).
The tropopause is defined as the lowest level at which the lapse rate decreases to 2°C/km or less, provided that the average lapse-rate, between that level and all other higher levels within 2.0 km does not exceed 2°C/km. [1] The tropopause is a first-order discontinuity surface, in which temperature as a function of height varies ...
Atmospheric temperature becomes nearly a constant above this altitude. [5] On Earth, the altitude of the exobase ranges from about 500 to 1,000 kilometres (310 to 620 mi) depending on solar activity. [6] The exobase can be defined in one of two ways:
Log-lin pressure-temperature phase diagram of water. The Roman numerals correspond to some ice phases listed below. Variations in pressure and temperature give rise to different phases of ice, which have varying properties and molecular geometries. Currently, twenty-one phases, including both crystalline and amorphous ices have been observed ...
Oxygen (chemical symbol O) has three naturally occurring isotopes: 16 O, 17 O, and 18 O, where the 16, 17 and 18 refer to the atomic mass.The most abundant is 16 O, with a small percentage of 18 O and an even smaller percentage of 17 O. Oxygen isotope analysis considers only the ratio of 18 O to 16 O present in a sample.
For an ideal gas in equilibrium, the rate of collisions with the container wall and velocity distribution of particles hitting the container wall can be calculated [36] based on naive kinetic theory, and the results can be used for analyzing effusive flow rates, which is useful in applications such as the gaseous diffusion method for isotope ...
134 K, highest-temperature superconductor at ambient pressure, mercury barium calcium copper oxide; 165 K, glass point of supercooled water; 184.0 K (–89.2 °C), coldest air recorded on Earth; 192 K, Debye temperature of ice; 273.15 K (0 °C), melting point of bound water; 273.16 K (0.01 °C), temperature of triple point of water; c. 293 K ...