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Chennai, formerly known as Madras, is the capital of the state of Tamil Nadu and is India's fifth largest city. [1] It is located on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal . With an estimated population of 12.05 million (2024), the 383-year-old city is the 31st largest metropolitan area in the world.
After India gained independence in 1947, Madras continued as the capital city of the Madras State and present-day Tamil Nadu. The city was officially renamed as Chennai in 1996.
1826: Board of Public Instructions is founded. 1831: First census in the city is taken (population: 39,785). 1832: Madras Club is founded. 1834: First survey school is inaugurated; later develops as an engineering college. 1835: First medical college is founded (2 February); later becomes Madras Medical College. [39] [40]
Initial independence declared in 1911, first Mongolian state founded 1203. January 14, 1922 Central American Federation: El Salvador: Independence restored after brief attempt at reunifying Central America, initial independence in 1841. January 14, 1922 Central American Federation: Guatemala
Nation-building is a long evolutionary process, and in most cases the date of a country's "formation" cannot be objectively determined; e.g., the fact that England and France were sovereign kingdoms on equal footing in the medieval period does not prejudice the fact that England is not now a sovereign state (having passed sovereignty to Great ...
Development after independence. Madras State, the precursor to the present-day state of Tamil Nadu, was created after India became a republic on 26 January 1950. [11] It comprised present-day Tamil Nadu and parts of present-day Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Kerala.
It was a Hellenistic-era Greek kingdom covering various parts of Afghanistan and the northwestern regions of the Indian subcontinent (parts of modern-day Pakistan and northwestern India). The kingdom was founded when the Graeco-Bactrian king Demetrius (and later Eucratides) invaded India from Bactria in 200 BCE. During its existence, the ...
The society's most prominent figure was Annie Besant, who founded the Home Rule League in 1916. [48] The Home Rule Movement was organised from Madras and found extensive support in the Province. Nationalistic newspapers such as The Hindu, the Swadesamitran and the Mathrubhumi actively endorsed the campaign for independence. [49]