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The soil pH usually increases when the total alkalinity increases, but the balance of the added cations also has a marked effect on the soil pH. For example, increasing the amount of sodium in an alkaline soil tends to induce dissolution of calcium carbonate , which increases the pH.
Soil acidification is the buildup of hydrogen cations, which reduces the soil pH. Chemically, this happens when a proton donor gets added to the soil. The donor can be an acid , such as nitric acid , sulfuric acid , or carbonic acid .
The species grows optimally at a pH of 7.0; [7] however, it tolerates a pH range of 5.5-8.0. [3] The sporulation phase of M. elegans is sensitive to pH. It sporulates best at a pH range of 6.0-6.5 and below a pH of 5.0 sporulation is reduced. [3] The optimal temperature that it grows in is 30 °C (86 °F). [7]
The optimal substrate consists of a deep, rich and well-drained soil in a sunny place with a pH between 5.5 and 7.5. [17] The rhizomes should be planted at 10 cm deep, after the last frost. [ 18 ] Although it can tolerate dry periods, occasional irrigation will be beneficial for the yield.
They are much more acidic than their rich counterparts, with a pH of approximately 5.5 to 4. [12] Peat in poor fens tends to be thicker than that of rich fens, which cuts off vegetation access to the mineral-rich soil underneath. [11] In addition, the thicker peat reduces the influence of mineral-rich groundwater that buffers the pH. [11]
Topsoil is composed of mineral particles and organic matter and usually extends to a depth of 5-10 inches (13–25 cm). Together these make a substrate capable of holding water and air which encourages biological activity.
Acid-neutralizing capacity or ANC in short is a measure for the overall buffering capacity against acidification of a solution, e.g. surface water or soil water.. ANC is defined as the difference between cations of strong bases and anions of strong acids (see below), or dynamically as the amount of acid needed to change the pH value from the sample's value to a chosen different value. [1]
Most soils have a dry bulk density (density of soil taking into account voids when dry) between 1.1 and 1.6 g/cm 3, though the soil particle density is much higher, in the range of 2.6 to 2.7 g/cm 3. [7]