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The Klaipėda Revolt was the last armed conflict in Lithuania before World War II. [108] The Second Seimas of Lithuania, elected in May 1923, was the only Seimas in independent Lithuania that served its full term. The Seimas continued the land reform, introduced social support systems, and started repaying foreign debt.
Town Yiddish Name [1] [2] Pre-Holocaust Jewish population Notes Hebrew Latin Antopal: אנטיפאָליע Antipolye 1,792 (1921) Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated.
Before World War II and the Holocaust, Vilnius was one of Europe's most important Jewish centers. Its Jewish influence has led to its being called "the Jerusalem of Lithuania", and Napoleon called it "the Jerusalem of the North" [19] when he passed through in 1812. Vilnius was a 2009 European Capital of Culture with Linz in Austria. [20]
Generalbezirk Litauen (Lithuanian: Lietuvos generalinė sritis, lit. ' General District Lithuania ') was one of the four administrative subdivisions of Reichskommissariat Ostland, the 1941–1944 civilian occupation regime established by Nazi Germany for the administration of the three Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania) and the western part of the Byelorussian SSR.
By some calculations, more than 95% of Lithuania's Jewish population was massacred during the Nazi occupation, [25] a more complete destruction than befell any other country in the Holocaust. Historians attribute this to the massive collaboration in the genocide by the non-Jewish local paramilitaries, though the reasons for this collaboration ...
The Vilna Ghetto was called "Yerushalayim of the Ghettos" because it was known for its intellectual and cultural spirit. Before the war, Vilnius had been known as "Yerushalayim d'Lita" [15] (Yiddish: Jerusalem of Lithuania) for the same reason. The center of cultural life in the ghetto was the Mefitze Haskole Library, which was called the ...
Lithuania, [b] officially the Republic of Lithuania, [c] is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. [d] It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and the Russian semi-exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest, with a maritime border with Sweden to the west.
The genocide in Lithuania was one of the earliest large-scale implementations of the Final Solution, leading some to conclude that the Holocaust began in Lithuania in the summer of 1941. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] ^ Other scholars say the Holocaust started in September 1939 with the onset of the Second World War, [ 31 ] or even earlier, on Kristallnacht in ...