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The Malay alphabet has a phonemic orthography; words are spelled the way they are pronounced, with a notable defectiveness: /ə/ and /e/ are both written as E/e.The names of the letters, however, differ between Indonesia and rest of the Malay-speaking countries; while Malaysia, Brunei and Singapore follow the letter names of the English alphabet, Indonesia largely follows the letter names of ...
From Malay agar-agar, first known use was in 1813. [3] Amok (also 'amuck' or 'amock') out of control, especially when armed and dangerous; in a frenzy of violence, or on a killing spree, 'berserk', as in 'to run amok'. Adopted into English via Portuguese amouco, from Malay amok ('rushing in a frenzy'). Earliest known use was in 1665 as a noun ...
Published in London in 1701 as “A Dictionary: English and Malayo, Malayo and English”, the first such dictionary included 597 pages of words and definitions, with accent marks added for pronunciation, a section on Malay grammar, and maps where the language was spoken, and became the standard reference work until the end of the 18th century ...
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Malay (Malaysian and Indonesian) pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
This article explains the phonology of Malay and Indonesian based on the pronunciation of Standard Malay, which is the official language of Brunei and Singapore, "Malaysian" of Malaysia, and Indonesian the official language of Indonesia and a working language in Timor Leste.
Malay (/ m ə ˈ l eɪ / mə-LAY; [9] Malay: Bahasa Melayu, Jawi: بهاس ملايو) is an Austronesian language that is an official language of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore.
Note: The change from final -l in Standard Malay to -i is a general feature of Penang Malay, the local variety from which Penang Hokkien borrows. This phonological change can be seen in other loanwords from Penang Malay, e.g. sām-bai 參峇 (sambal). ou [ou] 大佬 tāi-lôu: Used in Cantonese and Teochew loanwords.
The Malay language has many loanwords from Sanskrit, Persian, Tamil, Greek, Latin, Portuguese, Dutch, and Chinese languages such as Hokkien.More recently, loans have come from Arabic, English and Malay's sister languages, Javanese and Sundanese.