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Madagascar, [a] officially the Republic of Madagascar, [b] is an island country that includes the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands. Lying off the southeastern coast of Africa, it is the world's fourth largest island (after Greenland, New Guinea, and Borneo), the second-largest island country (after Indonesia), and the 46th largest country overall. [14]
Madagascar is a large island in the Indian Ocean located 400 kilometres (250 mi) off the eastern coast of Southern Africa, [1] east of Mozambique.It has a total area of 587,040 square kilometres (226,660 sq mi) with 581,540 square kilometres (224,530 sq mi) of land and 6,900 square kilometres (2,700 sq mi) of water.
West Africa contains large portions of the Sahara Desert and the Adamawa Mountains. East Africa stretches from the Red Sea and the Horn of Africa to Mozambique, including Madagascar. Central Africa is the large mass at the center of Africa which either does not fall squarely into any other region or only partially does so.
All of the islands of Africa, except for Madagascar, are classified as small islands under the UNESCO classification system for all islands under 2,000 square kilometres (770 sq mi). [6] Madagascar, in contrast, at 587,041 square kilometres (226,658 sq mi) is the fourth-largest island in the world.
Combined green: Definition of "sub-Saharan Africa" as used in the statistics of United Nations institutions Lighter green: The Sudan, classified as a part of North Africa by the United Nations Statistics Division [2] instead of Eastern Africa, though the organization states that "the assignment of countries or areas to specific groupings is for statistical convenience and does not imply any ...
This is a list of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa. It includes fully recognised states, states with limited or zero recognition, and dependent territories of both African and non-African states.
Madagascar in its general structure, as in flora and fauna, forms a connecting link between Africa and southern Asia. East of Madagascar are the small islands of Mauritius and Réunion. [1] There are also islands in the Gulf of Guinea on which lies the Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe (islands of São Tomé and Príncipe).
Réunion is an island territory located near the island country of Mauritius and to the east of Madagascar (both nominally considered part of the African continent). [4] [19] The final territory is the Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean, administratively a part of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.