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A "Declaration of Nullity" is not the dissolution of an existing marriage (as is a dispensation from a marriage ratum sed non consummatum and an "annulment" in civil law), but rather a determination that consent was never validly exchanged due to a failure to meet the requirements to enter validly into matrimony and thus a marriage never existed.
Annulment is a legal procedure within secular and religious legal systems for declaring a marriage null and void. [1] Unlike divorce, it is usually retroactive, meaning that an annulled marriage is considered to be invalid from the beginning almost as if it had never taken place.
Marriage, civil unions, and domestic partnerships: Entry into legally recognized spousal and domestic relationships [1] The termination of legally recognized family relationships and ancillary matters, including divorce, annulment, property settlements, alimony, child custody and visitation, child support and alimony awards [2]
A void marriage is invalid from its beginning, and is generally treated under the law as if it never existed and requires no formal action to terminate. In some jurisdictions a void marriage must still be terminated by annulment, [1] or an annulment may be required to remove any legal impediment to a subsequent marriage. [2]
A voidable marriage (also called an avoidable marriage) is a marriage that can be canceled at the option of one of the parties through annulment 00. The marriage is valid but is subject to cancellation if contested in court by one of the parties to the marriage.
Sometimes relationships don't work out — just ask any celebrity couple who has had their marriage annulled. "He said all the right things and I and the families were a good, good fit.
Scholars like Gratian of Bologna were quick to posit their theories on marriage. His 12th century work, Decretum Gratiani, became an early text example for other canon law studies and it is here where the earliest account for marital debt is found. In it, he writes that marriage arose from wishing to prevent further sin through fornication.
According to the Catholic Church's canon law, the Pauline privilege does not apply when either of the partners was a Christian at the time of marriage. It differs from annulment because it dissolves a valid natural (but not sacramental) marriage whereas an annulment declares that a marriage was invalid from the beginning. [6]