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Urdu literature (Urdu: ادبیاتِ اُردُو, “Adbiyāt-i Urdū”) comprises the literary works, written in the Urdu language.While it tends to be dominated by poetry, especially the verse forms of the ghazal (غزل) and nazm (نظم), it has expanded into other styles of writing, including that of the short story, or afsana (افسانہ).
Hindustani (sometimes called Hindi–Urdu) is a colloquial language and lingua franca of Pakistan and the Hindi Belt of India. It forms a dialect continuum between its two formal registers: the highly Persianized Urdu, and the de-Persianized, Sanskritized Hindi. [2] Urdu uses a modification of the Persian alphabet, whereas Hindi uses Devanagari ...
The name Urdu was first introduced by the poet Ghulam Hamadani Mushafi around 1780. [30] [31] As a literary language, Urdu took shape in courtly, elite settings. [77] [78] While Urdu retained the grammar and core Indo-Aryan vocabulary of the local Indian dialect Khariboli, it adopted the Perso-Arab writing system, written in the Nastaleeq style.
Example reading "خط نڛتعليق" ("Nastaliq script") in Nastaliq. The dotted form ڛ is used in place of س .. Nastaliq (/ ˌ n æ s t ə ˈ l iː k, ˈ n æ s t ə l iː k /; [2], Persian: [næstʰæʔliːq]; Urdu: [nəst̪ɑːliːq]), also romanized as Nastaʿlīq or Nastaleeq, is one of the main calligraphic hands used to write the Perso-Arabic script and it is used for some ...
The Urdu ghazal makes use of a store of common characters, settings, images, and metaphors that inform both readers and poets of how to navigate the aforementioned ghazal universe. [33] These tropes have been cultivated for hundreds of years and are meant to deeply resonate with listeners of the ghazal, invoking their expectations of meaning. [33]
Shafiq-ur-Rahman (Urdu: شفیق الرحمن) (9 November 1920 – 19 March 2000) was a Pakistani humorist and short-story writer of Urdu language. [1] [2] He was one of the most illustrious writers of the Urdu-speaking world. Like Mark Twain and Stephen Leacock, [3] he has given enduring pleasure to his readers.
Urdu poetry (Urdu: اُردُو شاعرى Urdū šāʿirī) is a tradition of poetry and has many different forms. Today, it is an important part of the culture of India and Pakistan . According to Naseer Turabi, there are five major poets of Urdu: Mir Taqi Mir (d. 1810), Mirza Ghalib (d. 1869), Mir Anees (d. 1874), Muhammad Iqbal (d. 1938 ...
Since the early twentieth century Khowar has been written in the Khowar alphabet, which is based on the Urdu alphabet and uses the Nasta'liq script. Prior to that, the language was carried on through oral tradition. Today Urdu and English are the official languages and the only major literary usage of Khowar is in both poetry and prose composition.