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Myanmar is known by a name deriving from Burma as opposed to Myanmar in Spanish, Italian, Romanian, and Greek – Birmania being the local version of Burma in both Italian and Spanish, Birmânia in Portuguese, and Birmanie in French. [32] As in the past, French-language media today consistently use Birmanie. [33] [34]
Myanmar, [d] officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar [e] and also rendered as Burma (the official English form until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia.It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has a population of about 55 million.
The term "Myanmar" is extant to the early 1100s, first appearing on a stone inscription, where it was used as a cultural identifier, and has continued to be used in this manner. [8] From the onset of British colonial rule to the Japanese occupation of Burma, "Bamar" was used in Burmese to refer to both the country and its majority ethnic group. [5]
Burmese people, Officially Myanma people (Burmese: မြန်မာလူမျိုး) are citizens from Myanmar (Burma), irrespective of their ethnic or religious background. Myanmar is a multi-ethnic, multi-cultural and multi-lingual country.
Trade between China and Myanmar was nearly non-existent prior to 1988. [67] After the imposition of international economic sanctions in 1988, Myanmar-China trade grew 25% year-to-year until 1995, with some decline following the 1997 Asian financial crisis. [67] A sub-pumping station of Sino-Myanmar pipelines in Longling County, Yunnan Province
The People's Republic of China has long been accused of having a multifaceted role in the conflict, given its close relations with both the Myanmar government and insurgent groups active along the China–Myanmar border. [177] China openly supported the Communist Party of Burma (CPB) and its pursuit of Mao Zedong Thought during the 1960s and 1970s.
However, in the early 1950s Burma enjoyed a hot-and-cold relationship with China. Burma's Ba U and U Nu lobbied for China's entry as a permanent member into the UN Security Council, but denounced the invasion of Tibet. [99] China and Burma have had many border disputes, dating long before the British annexation of Burma.
Burma accepted foreign assistance in rebuilding the country in these early years, but continued American support for the Chinese Nationalist military presence in Burma finally resulted in the country rejecting most foreign aid, refusing to join the South-East Asia Treaty Organization , and supporting the Bandung Conference of 1955. [43]