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Myotonia is the defining symptom of many channelopathies (diseases of ion channel transport) such as myotonia congenita, paramyotonia congenita and myotonic dystrophy. [3] [4] Brody disease (a disease of ion pump transport) has symptoms similar to myotonia congenita, however, the delayed muscle relaxation is pseudo-myotonia as the EMG is normal ...
Myotonia congenita is a congenital neuromuscular channelopathy that affects skeletal muscles (muscles used for movement). It is a genetic disorder.The hallmark of the disease is the failure of initiated contraction to terminate, often referred to as delayed relaxation of the muscles and rigidity. [1]
Myotonic dystrophy affects about 1 in 2,100 people, [4] a number that was long estimated to be much lower (often cited as 1 in 8,000), reflecting that not all patients have immediate symptoms and, once they do have symptoms, the long time it typically takes to get to the right diagnosis. [1]
Potassium-aggravated myotonia is a rare genetic disorder that affects skeletal muscle. [2] Beginning in childhood or adolescence, people with this condition experience bouts of sustained muscle tensing ( myotonia ) that prevent muscles from relaxing normally.
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The channelopathies of human skeletal muscle include hyper- and hypokalemic (high and low potassium blood concentrations) periodic paralysis, myotonia congenita and paramyotonia congenita. Channelopathies affecting synaptic function are a type of synaptopathy .
Paramyotonia congenita (PC) is a rare congenital autosomal dominant neuromuscular disorder characterized by "paradoxical" myotonia. [2] This type of myotonia has been termed paradoxical because it becomes worse with exercise whereas classical myotonia, as seen in myotonia congenita, is alleviated by exercise. PC is also distinguished as it can ...
Mutations in this gene cause two forms of inherited human muscle disorders: recessive generalized myotonia congenita (Becker) and dominant myotonia (Thomsen). [5] Chloride channel protein, skeletal muscle (CLCN1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLCN1 gene. [6] Mutations in this protein cause congenital myotonia.