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"Differential diagnosis" is also used more loosely to refer simply to a list of the most common causes of a given symptom, to a list of disorders similar to a given disorder, or to such lists when they are annotated with advice on how to narrow the list down (French's Index of Differential Diagnosis is an example). Thus, a differential ...
Dissociative disorder not otherwise specified (DDNOS) was a mental health diagnosis for pathological dissociation that matched the DSM-IV criteria for a dissociative disorder, but did not fit the full criteria for any of the specifically identified subtypes, and the reasons why the previous diagnoses were not met are specified.
A diagnosis is made when the dissociation is persistent, interferes with the social or occupational functions of daily life, and/or causes marked distress in the patient. [ 3 ] While depersonalization-derealization disorder was once considered rare, lifetime experiences with it occur in about 1–2% of the general population.
Importantly, individuals can also differ not only in their current state, but in the magnitude or even direction of response to a given stimulus. [5] Such phenomena, often explained in terms of inverted-U response curves, place differential psychology at an important location in such endeavours as personalized medicine, in which diagnoses are customised for an individual's response profile.
For example, a diagnosis of major depressive disorder, a common mental illness, had a poor reliability kappa statistic of 0.28, indicating that clinicians frequently disagreed on diagnosing this disorder in the same patients. The most reliable diagnosis was major neurocognitive disorder, with a kappa of 0.78. [102]
Dissociative identity disorder [1] [2]; Other names: Multiple personality disorder Split personality disorder: Specialty: Psychiatry, clinical psychology: Symptoms: At least two distinct and relatively enduring personality states, [3] recurrent episodes of dissociative amnesia, [3] inexplicable intrusions into consciousness (e.g., voices, intrusive thoughts, impulses, trauma-related beliefs ...
[1] [2] Differential diagnosis of these disorders is an active area of biomedical research. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Finally, brain death results in an irreversible disruption of consciousness. [ 1 ] While other conditions may cause a moderate deterioration (e.g., dementia and delirium ) or transient interruption (e.g., grand mal and petit mal ...
The diagnosis of personality disorders in the fourth edition Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, including dependent personality disorder, was found to be problematic due to reasons such as excessive diagnostic comorbidity, inadequate coverage, arbitrary boundaries with normal psychological functioning, and heterogeneity ...