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Originally the second of three degrees in sequence – Legum Baccalaureus (LL.B., last conferred by an American law school in 1970); LL.M.; and Legum Doctor (LL.D.) or Doctor of Laws, which has only been conferred in the United States as an honorary degree but is an earned degree in other countries. In American legal academia, the LL.M. was ...
Such citations and abbreviations are found in court decisions, statutes, regulations, journal articles, books, and other documents. Below is a basic list of very common abbreviations. Because publishers adopt different practices regarding how abbreviations are printed, one may find abbreviations with or without periods for each letter.
Honours are listed first in descending order of precedence, followed by degrees and memberships of learned societies in ascending order. Some obsolete positions are not listed unless recipients who continue to use the post-nominals even after the order becomes obsolete are still living.
Juris Doctor diploma conferred by Columbia Law School. A Juris Doctor, Doctor of Jurisprudence, [1] or Doctor of Law [2] (JD) is a graduate-entry professional degree that primarily prepares individuals to practice law.
Post-nominal letters are used in the United Kingdom after a person's name in order to indicate their positions, qualifications, memberships, or other status. There are various established orders for giving these, e.g. from the Ministry of Justice, Debrett's, and A & C Black's Titles and Forms of Address, which are generally in close agreement.
Post-nominal letters, also called post-nominal initials, post-nominal titles, designatory letters, or simply post-nominals, are letters placed after a person's name to indicate that the individual holds a position, an academic degree, accreditation, an office, a military decoration, or honour, or is a member of a religious institute or fraternity.
Here are some abbreviation examples: Ave., which is an abbreviation for “avenue” Dec., which is an abbreviation for “December” Etc., which is an abbreviation for “et cetera” Photo ...
Judge Sir John Smith Sir John Female The Hon. Mrs Justice Smith Smith J [2] My Lady Judge Dame Jane Smith Dame Jane Insolvency and Companies Court Judge: Insolvency and Companies Court Judge Smith ICC Judge Smith Judge (unless sitting as a deputy High Court Judge, in which case My Lord or My Lady as appropriate) Judge