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The European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis), also known as the European corn worm or European high-flyer, is a moth of the family Crambidae. It is a pest of grain, particularly maize ( Zea mays ). The insect is native to Europe, originally infesting varieties of millet , including broom corn .
The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, is one of the biggest pests of maize in Asia, causing 10%-30% of yield losses in the field, and in some cases up to 80% yield loss. [7] These pests carry fungal pathogens (such as Bipolaris maydis and Curvularia lunata ) which cause diseases such as maydis leaf blight and curvularia leaf spot in the crop.
Corn line MON802 was developed through genetic modification to be tolerant [3] to glyphosate herbicide and protect the plant from the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) (the Bt trait). [ 4 ] MON 809 is an Insect Resistant maize under license from Monsanto.
It was approved for use in the European Union in 1998. [27] Since then, six countries have grown it [28] (Spain, Portugal, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Romania [29]) and six countries (Austria, Hungary, Greece, France, Luxembourg, and Germany) have banned its cultivation (imports were still allowed) under an emergency temporary provision known as the 'Safeguard Clause' [30] due to concerns ...
A 2018 study found that Bt-corn protected nearby fields of non-Bt corn and nearby vegetable crops, reducing the use of pesticides on those crops. Data from 1976 to 1996 (before Bt corn was widespread) was compared to data after it was adopted (1996–2016). They examined levels of the European corn borer and corn earworm. Their larvae eat a ...
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In 2004, Monsanto sought approval in Europe to introduce MON 863. Approval was granted in 2005 for use in feed [5] and in 2006 for use in food. [6] There was controversy over acceptance by regulatory bodies of industry-funded toxicity studies and over the design of those studies led by Pr Gilles-Éric Séralini, who was on the committee that reviewed MON863 for the French government.
The Asian corn borer is most commonly found throughout Asia and Southeast Asia. More specifically, it is located in China, the Philippines, Indonesia, Taiwan, Malaysia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, India, Bangladesh, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Lao, Myanmar, and Cambodia. [5] There are also a limited number in the Solomon Islands, Africa, and parts of ...