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  2. History of Panama (to 1821) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Panama_(to_1821)

    After 1567 Panama was attached to the Viceroyalty of Peru but retained its own audiencia. [2] Beginning early in the 16th century, Nombre de Dios in Panama, Vera Cruz in Mexico, and Cartagena in Colombia were the only three ports in Spanish America authorized by the crown to trade with the homeland. By the mid-1560s, the system became ...

  3. History of Panama (1821–1903) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Panama_(1821...

    Panama would remain as a royalist stronghold and outpost until 1821 (the year of Panama's revolution against Spain). Panama City immediately initiated plans to declare independence, but the city of Los Santos preempted the move by proclaiming freedom from Spain on November 10, 1821. This act precipitated a meeting in Panama City on November 28 ...

  4. History of Panama - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Panama

    In 1501, Rodrigo de Bastidas was the first European to explore the Isthmus of Panama sailing along the eastern coast. A year later Christopher Columbus on his fourth voyage, sailing south and eastward from upper Central America, explored Bocas del Toro, Veragua, the Chagres River and Portobelo (Beautiful Port) which he named.

  5. Independence Act of Panama - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Act_of_Panama

    Panama, spontaneously and under the general vote of the people of understanding, is declared free and independent of the Spanish government. The territory of the provinces of the Isthmus belongs to the Republic of Gran Colombia , to whose Congress our deputy will promptly go to represent us.

  6. Separation of Panama from Colombia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_Panama_from...

    Panama was always tenuously connected to the rest of the country to the south, owing to its remoteness from the government in Bogotá and lack of a practical overland connection to the rest of Gran Colombia. In 1840–41, a short-lived independent republic was established under Tomás de Herrera.

  7. Independence of Panama from Spain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_of_Panama...

    Independence of Panama from Spain was accomplished through a bloodless revolt between 10 November 1821 and 28 November 1821. Seizing the opportunity, when the Spanish governor left Panama to march on rebellious Ecuadorians, José de Fábrega led a push for independence. Rebels in the small town of Villa de Los Santos made the first declaration ...

  8. Isthmus Department - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isthmus_Department

    Panama's independence movement began on November 10, 1821 with the independence of the Villa de Los Santos led by Segundo Villarreal; eighteen days later, on November 28, after the patriot victory at the Battle of Carabobo, there was emancipation from the Spanish Empire and Panama's decision to voluntarily join Gran Colombia was officially ...

  9. Panama - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama

    The Panama City area is well served by the nearly 150 bus routes publicly operated MiBus system along with the two rapid transit lines of the Panama Metro. Prior to the government operation of bus routes, Panama was served by privately operated buses called "diablo rojos" (English: red devils), which were typically retired school buses from the ...