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Leptospirosis is a blood infection caused by the bacteria Leptospira [8] that can infect humans, dogs, rodents and many other wild and domesticated animals. [8] Signs and symptoms can range from none to mild ( headaches , muscle pains , and fevers ) to severe ( bleeding in the lungs or meningitis ). [ 5 ]
Leptospirosis is treated in humans by the antibiotics penicillin and doxycycline. [7] [8] L. interrogans has many properties that ensure its optimal survival in specific conditions, including two periplasmic flagella for movement and mobility. These flagella enable L. interrogans to more easily access and infect both human and mammalian tissues ...
L. interrogans can also obtain iron from heme, which is bound to most of the iron in the human body. The HbpA hemin-binding protein, which may be involved in the uptake of hemin , has been identified on the surface of L. interrogans [ 35 ] Although other pathogenic species of Leptospira and L. biflexa lack HbpA, yet another hemin-binding ...
Treatment in primary care usually involves intramuscular administration of benzylpenicillin. Once in the hospital, the antibiotics of choice are usually IV broad spectrum 3rd generation cephalosporins. Yes: usually Metagonimus yokagawai: Metagonimiasis: Metagonimiasis is diagnosed by eggs seen in feces. Praziquantel: No Microsporidia phylum ...
Conjunctival suffusion is an eye finding occurring early in leptospirosis, which is caused by Leptospira interrogans.Conjunctival suffusion is characterized by redness of the conjunctiva that resembles conjunctivitis, but it does not involve inflammatory exudates. [1]
Leptospira noguchii is another pathogenic bacteria that causes Leptospirosis. Leptospirosis can be transferred in a multitude of ways. Leptospirosis can transfer from animals to humans , humans to humans, or animals to animals via intake of contaminated body fluids, such as urine and blood. [7]
A Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction is a sudden and typically transient reaction that may occur within 24 hours of being administered antibiotics for an infection by a spirochete, including syphilis, leptospirosis, Lyme disease, and relapsing fever. [1]
Leptospira biflexa are a species of genus Leptospira consisting of pathogenic and free living saprophytic bacterial species. L. biflexa is a free-living saprophytic spirochete that survives exclusively in external environments and was the first saprophytic Leptospira genome to be sequenced unveiling a total of 3,590 protein-coding genes distributed across three circular replicons. [2]