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Astraeus is a genus of fungi in the family Diplocystaceae. [1] The genus, which has a cosmopolitan distribution, contains nine species of earthstar mushroom. [2] They are distinguished by the outer layer of flesh (exoperidium) that at maturity splits open in a star-shape manner to reveal a round spore sac. [3]
Astraeus hygrometricus is an ectomycorrhizal fungus and grows in association with a broad range of tree species. [44] The mutualistic association between tree roots and the mycelium of the fungus helps the trees extract nutrients (particularly phosphorus) from the earth; in exchange, the fungus receives carbohydrates from photosynthesis. [38]
Geastrum triplex is a fungus found in the detritus and leaf litter of hardwood forests around the world. It is commonly known as the collared earthstar, the saucered earthstar, or the triple earthstar—and less commonly by the alternative species name Geastrum indicum.
Geastrum saccatum, commonly known as the sessile earthstar [1] or rounded earthstar, [2] or star of the land, [3] is a species of mushroom belonging to the genus Geastrum.The opening of the outer layer of the fruiting body in the characteristic star shape is thought to be due to a buildup of calcium oxalate crystals immediately prior to dehiscence.
In this state, often the whole fungus becomes detached from the ground and may roll around like a tumbleweed. In wetter weather, the rays moisten and uncurl; some even curl backward lifting the spore sac up. This allows rain or animals to hit the spore sac, emitting spores when enough moisture is present for them to germinate and establish.
Geastrum (orthographical variant Geaster) [1] is a genus of puffball-like mushrooms in the family Geastraceae.Many species are commonly known as earthstars.. The name, which comes from geo meaning earth and aster meaning star, refers to the behavior of the outer peridium.
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Astraeus hygrometricus, commonly known as the hygroscopic earthstar, the barometer earthstar, or the false earthstar, is a species of fungus in the family Astraeaceae. In maturity, it displays the characteristic earthstar shape that is a result of the outer layer of fruiting body tissue splitting open in a star-like manner.