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The 13th Dalai Lama declared that Tibet's relationship with China ended with the fall of the Qing dynasty and proclaimed independence, although this was not formally recognized by other countries. [15] [16] Tibet and Outer Mongolia signed a disputed treaty proclaiming mutual recognition of their independence from China. [17]
The Tibetan independence movement became cause-célèbre in the US and Europe as the words "Free Tibet" and the Tibetan flag gained worldwide fame in the press and public consciousness starting from 1987. [45]
After a period of control by the Mongol Empire and Yuan dynasty, Tibet became effectively independent in the 14th century and was ruled by a succession of noble houses for the next 300 years. In the 16th century, the Dalai Lama title was created by Altan Khan , and as requested by the family of Altan Khan , seal of authority was granted to the ...
[citation needed] The Tibetan delegation did eventually meet with the PRC's ambassador General Yuan Zhongxian in Delhi on 16 September 1950. Yuan communicated a 3-point proposal that Tibet be regarded as part of China, that China be responsible for Tibet's defense, and that China be responsible for Tibet's trade and foreign relations.
The region subsequently declared its independence in 1913, ... Qing authority over Tibet had become more symbolic than real by the late 19th century, [45] [46] ...
Despite the presence of twenty thousand PLA troops in Central Tibet, the Dalai Lama's government was permitted to maintain important symbols from its de facto independence period. [15] The first national census in all of the People's Republic of China was held in 1954, counting 2,770,000 ethnic Tibetans in China, including 1,270,000 in the ...
On the same day in March 1959, Tibet also declared its independence from China during the 1959 Tibetan uprising, which was directly triggered on March 9 by a widespread concern for the Dalai Lama's safety, [22] before he escaped from Lhasa and arrived in India on March 19.
The Tibetan sovereignty debate concerns two political debates regarding the relationship between Tibet and China.The first debate concerns whether Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) and parts of neighboring provinces are within the People's Republic of China (PRC) that are claimed as political Tibet should separate themselves from China and re-establish themselves as they were prior to 1959.