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NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Mission (MER), started in 2003, was a robotic space mission involving two rovers, Spirit (MER-A) and Opportunity, (MER-B) that explored the Martian surface geology. The mission's scientific objective was to search for and characterize a wide range of rocks and soils that hold clues to past water activity on Mars.
The lowest energy transfer to Mars is a Hohmann transfer orbit, a conjunction class mission which would involve a roughly 9-month travel time from Earth to Mars, about 500 days (16 mo) [citation needed] at Mars to wait for the transfer window to Earth, and a travel time of about 9 months to return to Earth. [9] [10] This would be a 34-month trip.
First Commercial Mission to Mars Relativity Space, Impulse Space: 2026 Lander [81] SpaceX Uncrewed Landing SpaceX: 2026 Uncrewed lander [82] (SpaceX Mars colonization program) SpaceX First Crewed Landing SpaceX 2028/2029 Crewed lander [83] NASA-ESA Mars Sample Return: NASA/ESA: NET 2030 [84] [85] Orbiter/Lander/Return vehicle Large Inflatable ...
First telescope designed to be repaired in space. USA (NASA) ESA Hubble Space Telescope [41] 2 July 1990: First time a spacecraft coming from deep space uses the Earth for a gravity-assist manoeuvre. ESA Giotto [42] 21 October 1991: First asteroid flyby (951 Gaspra closest approach 1,600 km). USA (NASA) Galileo: 1992 First confirmed observation ...
Mars Exploration Program (MEP) is a long-term effort to explore the planet Mars, funded and led by NASA. Formed in 1993, MEP has made use of orbital spacecraft , landers , and Mars rovers to explore the possibilities of life on Mars , as well as the planet's climate and natural resources . [ 1 ]
The Mars Exploration Program's four principal goals were to determine if the potential for life exists on Mars (in particular, whether recoverable water may be found on Mars), to characterize the Mars climate and its geology, and then to prepare for a potential human mission to Mars. The Mars Exploration Rovers were to travel across the Martian ...
Perseverance [2] is a car-sized Mars rover designed to explore the Jezero crater on Mars as part of NASA's Mars 2020 mission. It was manufactured by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and launched on July 30, 2020, at 11:50 UTC. [3] Confirmation that the rover successfully landed on Mars was received on February 18, 2021, at 20:55 UTC.
Following launch using a Titan/Centaur launch vehicle on August 20, 1975, and an 11-month cruise to Mars, [7] the orbiter began returning global images of Mars about five days before orbit insertion. The Viking 1 Orbiter was inserted into Mars orbit on June 19, 1976, [ 8 ] and trimmed to a 1,513 x 33,000 km, 24.66 h site certification orbit on ...