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Contrary to common belief, inbreeding does not in itself alter allele frequencies, but rather increases the relative proportion of homozygotes to heterozygotes; however, because the increased proportion of deleterious homozygotes exposes the allele to natural selection, in the long run its frequency decreases more rapidly in inbred populations.
[5] which is true of inbred strains, since they normally have at least 98.6% similarity by generation 20. [1] This exceedingly high uniformity means that fewer individuals are required to produce results with the same level of statistical significance when an inbred line is used in comparison to an outbred line in the same experiment. [6]
Inbreeding avoidance – Evolutionary biology concept of prevention of negative inbreeding effects; Inbreeding depression – Reduced fitness as a result of inbreeding; Incest – Sexual activity between immediate family members or people considered too closely related to marry; Incest taboo – Cultural rule that prohibits incest
The kinship coefficient between a non-inbred individual and itself, Φ ii, is equal to 1/2. This is due to the fact that humans are diploid, meaning the only way for the randomly chosen alleles to be identical by descent is if the same allele is chosen twice (probability 1/2). Similarly, the relationship between a parent and a child is found by ...
In a clinical sense, marriage between two family members who are second cousins or closer qualifies as consanguineous marriage. This is based on the gene copies their offspring may receive. [ 1 ] Though these unions are still prevalent in some communities, as seen across the Greater Middle East region, many other populations have seen a great ...
Therefore the coefficient of inbreeding of individual G is = (+) = + = %. If the parents of an individual are not inbred themselves, the coefficient of inbreeding of the individual is one-half the coefficient of relationship between the parents. This can be verified in the previous example, as 12.5% is one-half of 25%, the coefficient of ...
Genetic purging is the increased pressure of natural selection against deleterious alleles prompted by inbreeding. [1]Purging occurs because deleterious alleles tend to be recessive, which means that they only express all their harmful effects when they are present in the two copies of the individual (i.e., in homozygosis).
Breeding from too small a gene pool, especially direct inbreeding, can lead to the passing on of undesirable characteristics or even a collapse of a breed population due to inbreeding depression. Therefore, there is a question, and often heated controversy, as to when or if a breed may need to allow "outside" stock in for the purpose of ...