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Feet of a baby born to a mother who had taken thalidomide while pregnant. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the use of thalidomide in 46 countries was prescribed to women who were pregnant or who subsequently became pregnant, and consequently resulted in the "biggest anthropogenic medical disaster ever," with more than 10,000 children born with a range of severe deformities, such as ...
In one study, BTEX (Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes) exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy has been clearly indicating negative association with biparietal brain diameter between 20 and 32 weeks of pregnancy. Women with high exposure to toluene had three to five times the miscarriage rate of those with low exposure, and women ...
Birth control, also known as contraception, anticonception, and fertility control, is the use of methods or devices to prevent pregnancy. [1] [2] Birth control has been used since ancient times, but effective and safe methods of birth control only became available in the 20th century. [3]
With typical use (i.e., it may not be used perfectly), 9% of women will become pregnant during the first year of using a combined hormonal birth control method, ACOG says. With perfect use, less ...
Currently available methods can only be used by women; the development of a male hormonal contraceptive is an active research area. There are two main types of hormonal contraceptive formulations: combined methods which contain both an estrogen and a progestin , and progestogen-only methods which contain only progesterone or one of its ...
As formaldehyde resins are used in many construction materials, it is one of the more common indoor air pollutants. [ 66 ] [ 67 ] At concentrations above 0.1 ppm in air, formaldehyde can irritate the eyes and mucous membranes . [ 68 ]
While pregnant people may be able to use proper hearing protection to conserve their own hearing, after the 20th week of development babies' ears are susceptible to hearing loss. [58] Pregnant people who are past 20 weeks of development should consider avoiding noises above 85 decibels, including at work and recreational activities.
The birth rate in America has long been on a decline, with the fertility rate reaching historic lows in 2023. More women between ages 25 to 44 aren’t having children, for a number of reasons.