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Certain bacterial infections can be serious and in some cases, life-threatening, say experts.
As bacterial and viral infections can both cause the same kinds of symptoms, it can be difficult to distinguish which is the cause of a specific infection. [12] Distinguishing the two is important, since viral infections cannot be cured by antibiotics whereas bacterial infections can. [13]
Sepsis is caused by many organisms including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. [10] Common locations for the primary infection include the lungs, brain, urinary tract, skin, and abdominal organs. [2] Risk factors include being very young or old, a weakened immune system from conditions such as cancer or diabetes, major trauma, and burns. [1]
It is reasonable to obtain a urine culture in those with signs of systemic infection that may be unable to report urinary symptoms, such as when advanced dementia is present. [30] Systemic signs of infection include a fever or increase in temperature of more than 1.1 °C (2.0 °F) from usual, chills, and an increased white blood cell count. [30]
Bacillus cereus infection Culture Vancomycin: No multiple bacteria Bacterial meningitis: Lumbar puncture (contraindicated if there is a mass in the brain or the intracranial pressure is elevated), CT or MRI Antibiotics No multiple bacteria Bacterial pneumonia: Sputum Gram stain and culture, Chest radiography Antibiotics No
It is typically due to a bacterial infection, most commonly Escherichia coli. [2] Risk factors include sexual intercourse, prior urinary tract infections, diabetes, structural problems of the urinary tract, and spermicide use. [2] [3] The mechanism of infection is usually spread up the urinary tract. [2]
More severe signs and symptoms in children may include blue-tinged skin, unwillingness to drink, convulsions, ongoing vomiting, extremes of temperature, or a decreased level of consciousness. [23] [24] Bacterial and viral cases of pneumonia usually result in similar symptoms. [25]
Strep throat is a common bacterial infection in children. [2] It is the cause of 15–40% of sore throats among children [7] [13] and 5–15% among adults. [8] Cases are more common in late winter and early spring. [13] Potential complications include rheumatic fever and peritonsillar abscess. [1] [2]
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