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In the Talmudic sugya, the Gemara passage quotes from the mishnah above (Yoma 8:5) and then brings a statement about Yom Kippur fasting by Rabbi Yannai (3rd C. CE). Rabbi Yannai cites part of a biblical verse (Proverbs 14:10) as his prooftext. The passage goes on to explore the meaning and relationship of Rabbi Yannai's view and the mishnah.
In a narrow sense, the word gemara refers to the mastery and transmission of existing tradition, as opposed to sevara, which means the deriving of new results by logic. [4] Both activities are represented in the Gemara as one literary work. The Aramaic noun gemar (and gemara) was formed from the verb that means "learn." This substantive noun ...
The Gemara explained this distinction by noting that the curses in Leviticus are stated in the plural, and Moses pronounced them from the mouth God, and as such, they are more severe. The curses in Deuteronomy, however, are stated in the singular, and Moses said them on his own, like the rest of the book of Deuteronomy, and are thus considered ...
The tractate consists of eight chapters and has a Gemara (rabbinical analysis of and commentary on the Mishnah) only in the Jerusalem Talmud. Chapters 1-4 deal with the obligation of Pe'ah. The end of chapter 4 and most of chapter 5 concern the laws of leket; the end of chapter 5 to the beginning of chapter 7 deals with the laws of shechicha.
The Gemara constitutes the commentary portion of the Talmud. The Mishnah, and its commentary (the Gemara), together constitute the Talmud. This commentary arises from a longstanding tradition of rabbis analyzing, debating, and discussing the Mishnah ever since it had been published.
After introducing "the line of Jacob," Genesis 37:2 cites only Joseph. The Gemara explained that the verse indicates that Joseph was worthy of having 12 tribes descend from him, as they did from his father Jacob. But Joseph diminished some of his procreative powers to resist Potiphar's wife in Genesis 39:7–12.
According to some, after completing shnaim mikra, the last verse should be read in Hebrew again so as not to complete the portion in the Targum translation. According to Chaim Yosef David Azulai, the last verse should be read twice. When a holiday falls on a Friday, the weekly portion should be read on the Sabbath before the lunch meal.
The recent Da'at Miqra is a voluminous Bible commentary combining a traditional outlook with the findings of modern research and archeology, and implicitly addressing biblical criticism. See also Mordechai Breuer § Literary contribution , Umberto Cassuto § Origins of the Pentateuch , and the work Da'at Sofrim by Chaim Dov Rabinowitz .
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