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Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. [1] Most infections show no symptoms, in which case it is known as latent tuberculosis . [ 1 ] Around 10% of latent infections progress to active disease that, if left untreated, kill about half of those affected. [ 1 ]
Internal bleeding (also called internal haemorrhage) is a loss of blood from a blood vessel that collects inside the body, and is not usually visible from the outside. [1] It can be a serious medical emergency but the extent of severity depends on bleeding rate and location of the bleeding (e.g. head, torso, extremities).
Rasmussen aneurysm is a distinctive variant of pseudoaneurysm of a branch of the pulmonary artery, predominantly found adjacent to or within a lung cavity, both often arising as a complication of pulmonary tuberculosis. [1] [2] The condition was originally described by Fritz Valdemar Rasmussen in 1868. [3]
Aspergilloma in an old tuberculosis cavity; healed, calcified tuberculous lesions are also present towards the right of the image Healed tuberculous cavity, where the entire left lung is destroyed. Post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) is ongoing lung disease that is caused by tuberculosis (TB) but persists after the infection is cured. [1]
A waterproof ink mark is drawn around the injection site so as to avoid difficulty finding it later if the level of reaction is small. The test is read 48 to 72 hours later. [19] The area of induration (NOT of erythema) is measured transversely across the forearm (left to right, not up and down) and recorded to the nearest millimetre. [20]
Bleeding, hemorrhage, haemorrhage or blood loss is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels. [1] Bleeding can occur internally , or externally either through a natural opening such as the mouth , nose , ear , urethra , vagina or anus , or through a puncture in the skin .
The general definition of massive hemoptysis is more than 200 ml within 24 hours, but there is a wide range in the literature (100–600 ml). Considering that the total volume of the tracheal and bronchial lumen is about 150 cc, [ 28 ] [ 29 ] it may be reasonable to define massive hemoptysis as 200 ml, which is a little more than 150 ml, in ...
Abdominal tuberculosis accounts for It makes up for 5% of the tuberculosis cases worldwide, [1] out of which 1–3% is gastrointestinal tuberculosis. [11] It makes up for less than 11–15% of all tuberculosis cases in immunocompetent individuals. [1] [12] Approximately 20% of individuals with abdominal tuberculosis have active tuberculosis. [13]