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The three primary spellings are chili, chile and chilli, all recognized by dictionaries. Chili is widely used in English of the United States [73] and optionally in Canada. [74] Chile is the most common Spanish spelling in Mexico and several other Latin American countries, [75] and some parts of the United States. [76]
The more piquant varieties are called chili peppers, or simply chilis. The large, mild form is called bell pepper, or is named by color (green pepper, green bell pepper, red bell pepper, etc.) in North America and South Africa, sweet pepper. The name is simply pepper in the United Kingdom and Ireland. [11]
The dried form of the Mirasol chili is called guajillo, [26] and is used to make a red sauce used for tamales. NuMex peppers: Ornamental United States The Chile Pepper Institute at New Mexico State University has developed a number of unusual chile cultivars. [27] NuMex Twilight peppers pictured. Peter Pepper: Ornamental United States and Mexico
Capsicum annuum, commonly known as paprika, chili pepper, red pepper, sweet pepper, jalapeño, cayenne, or bell pepper, [5] is a fruiting plant from the family Solanaceae (nightshades), within the genus Capsicum which is native to the northern regions of South America and to southwestern North America.
Capsicum baccatum (Spanish: ají) is a member of the genus Capsicum, and is one of the five domesticated chili pepper species. The fruit tends to be very pungent, and registers 30,000 to 50,000 on the Scoville heat unit scale.
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Capsicum frutescens is a wild chili pepper having genetic proximity to the cultivated pepper Capsicum chinense native to Central and South America. [2] Pepper cultivars of C. frutescens can be annual or short-lived perennial plants. Flowers are white with a greenish white or greenish yellow corolla, and are either insect- or self-pollinated.
The Cholula brand hot sauce lists piquin peppers and chile de árbol peppers among its ingredients. [4] Pequin peppers are highly valued in Mexico, often costing more than 10 times the price of other peppers, but their cultivation is limited due to low seed germination (15% average germination rate) and susceptibility to disease.