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Dimethylformamide, DMF is an organic compound with the chemical formula H C O N(CH 3) 2. Its structure is HC(=O)−N( −CH 3 ) 2 . Commonly abbreviated as DMF (although this initialism is sometimes used for dimethylfuran , or dimethyl fumarate ), this colourless liquid is miscible with water and the majority of organic liquids.
The reaction is catalyzed by dimethylformamide and other additives. [9] [10] Thionyl chloride [11] is a well-suited reagent as the by-products (HCl, SO 2) are gases and residual thionyl chloride can be easily removed as a result of its low boiling point (76 °C).
Dimethylformamide and phosphorus oxychloride in the Vilsmeier-Haack reaction. [3] Hexamethylenetetramine in the Duff reaction and the Sommelet reaction; Carbon monoxide and hydrochloric acid in the Gattermann-Koch reaction; Cyanides in the Gattermann reaction.
The Leuckart reaction is the chemical reaction that converts aldehydes or ketones to amines. The reaction is an example of reductive amination. [1] The reaction, named after Rudolf Leuckart, uses either ammonium formate or formamide as the nitrogen donor and reducing agent. It requires high temperatures, usually between 120 and 130 °C; for the ...
The chemical reactions of dimethylacetamide are typical of N,N-disubstituted amides. Hydrolysis of the acyl-N bond occurs in the presence of acids: CH 3 CON(CH 3) 2 + H 2 O + HCl → CH 3 COOH + (CH 3) 2 NH 2 + Cl −. However, it is resistant to bases. For this reason DMA is a useful solvent for reactions involving strong bases such as sodium ...
One of the minor byproducts from the N,N-dimethylformamide catalyzed reaction, dimethylcarbamoyl chloride, is a potent carcinogen, stemming from the N,N-dimethylformamide decomposition. [11] [12] Relative to thionyl chloride, oxalyl chloride tends to be a milder, more selective reagent.
Next, thrust in an inward and upward motion on the diaphragm. This will force air out of the lungs and remove the blockage. Repeat these abdominal thrusts up to five times, the doctor advised.
The reaction is typically conducted under nitrogen. In the synthesis, triphenylphosphine serves as both a ligand and a reductant, and the carbonyl ligand is derived by decomposition of dimethylformamide, probably via a deinsertion of an intermediate Ir-C(O)H species. The following is a possible balanced equation for this complicated reaction. [2]