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In chemistry, the carbon–hydrogen bond (C−H bond) is a chemical bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms that can be found in many organic compounds. [1] This bond is a covalent, single bond, meaning that carbon shares its outer valence electrons with up to four hydrogens.
This species then binds to an alkane molecule, forming a σ-complex (coordination of a C-H bond). In a third step, the metal atom inserts into the C-H bond, cleaving it and yielding the alkyl (or aryl) metal hydride. The intermediates and their kinetics can be observed using time-resolved spectroscopic techniques (e.g. TR-IR, TR-XAS, TR-RIXS ...
Allylic C-H bonds are susceptible to oxidation. [13] One commercial application of allylic oxidation is the synthesis of nootkatone, the fragrance of grapefruit, from valencene, a more abundantly available sesquiterpenoid: [14] The conversion of valencene to nootkatone is an example of allylic oxidation.
The interaction is the result of two electrons involved in the C−H bond interaction with an empty d-orbital of the transition metal, resulting in a three-center two-electron bond. [1] It is a special case of a C–H sigma complex. Historically, agostic complexes were the first examples of C–H sigma complexes to be observed spectroscopically ...
Carbene C−H insertion in organic chemistry concerns the insertion reaction of a carbene into a carbon–hydrogen bond. This organic reaction is of some importance in the synthesis of new organic compounds. [1] Simple carbenes such as the methylene and dichlorocarbene are not regioselective towards insertion. When the carbene is stabilized by ...
Mellitic acid, which contains no C-H bonds, is considered a possible organic compound in Martian soil. [15] Terrestrially, it, and its anhydride, mellitic anhydride, are associated with the mineral mellite (Al 2 C 6 (COO) 6 ·16H 2 O). A slightly broader definition of the organic compound includes all compounds bearing C-H or C-C bonds.
In organic chemistry, the Murai reaction is an organic reaction that uses C-H activation to create a new C-C bond between a terminal or strained internal alkene and an aromatic compound using a ruthenium catalyst. [1] The reaction, named after Shinji Murai, was first reported in 1993.
The mechanism of this activation is debated. One possibility is the oxidative addition of a sigma coordinated C-H bond followed by the reductive removal of the proton. Another is a sigma-bond metathesis involving the formation of the M-C bond and a H-Cl or H-O bond. Regardless it is this step that kinetically imparts the chemoselectivity to the ...