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  2. Downhill creep - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downhill_creep

    Creep has caused the soil to spread over this pavement. Creep can also be caused by the expansion of materials such as clay when they are exposed to water. Clay expands when wet, then contracts after drying. The expansion portion pushes downhill, then the contraction results in consolidation at the new offset. Objects resting on top of the soil ...

  3. Drainage system (agriculture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drainage_system_(agriculture)

    An agricultural drainage system is a system by which water is drained on or in the soil to enhance agricultural production of crops. It may involve any combination of stormwater control, erosion control , and watertable control .

  4. Mechanically stabilized earth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanically_stabilized_earth

    A diagram of a mechanically stabilized earth wall as it would be modeled in a finite element analysis. Mechanically stabilized earth (MSE or reinforced soil) is soil constructed with artificial reinforcing. It can be used for retaining walls, bridge abutments, seawalls, and dikes.

  5. Mass wasting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_wasting

    The surface soil can migrate under the influence of cycles of freezing and thawing, or hot and cold temperatures, inching its way towards the bottom of the slope forming terracettes. Landslides are often preceded by soil creep accompanied with soil sloughing—loose soil that falls and accumulates at the base of the steepest creep sections. [8]

  6. Critical state soil mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_state_soil_mechanics

    The name cam clay asserts that the plastic volume change typical of clay soil behaviour is due to mechanical stability of an aggregate of small, rough, frictional, interlocking hard particles. [3] The Original Cam-Clay model is based on the assumption that the soil is isotropic, elasto-plastic, deforms as a continuum, and it is not affected by ...

  7. Soil mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_mechanics

    A phase diagram of soil indicating the masses and volumes of air, solid, water, and voids. There are a variety of parameters used to describe the relative proportions of air, water and solid in a soil. This section defines these parameters and some of their interrelationships. [2] [6] The basic notation is as follows:

  8. Slope stability analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slope_stability_analysis

    The Swedish Slip Circle method assumes that the friction angle of the soil or rock is equal to zero, i.e., = ′. In other words, when friction angle is considered to be zero, the effective stress term goes to zero, thus equating the shear strength to the cohesion parameter of the given soil.

  9. Soil consolidation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_consolidation

    The first modern theoretical models for soil consolidation were proposed in the 1920s by Terzaghi and Fillunger, according to two substantially different approaches. [1] The former was based on diffusion equations in eulerian notation, whereas the latter considered the local Newton’s law for both liquid and solid phases, in which main variables, such as partial pressure, porosity, local ...