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Leonardite It is an oxidation product of lignite , associated with near-surface mining . [ 1 ] It is a rich source of humic acid (up to 90%) [ 2 ] and is used as a soil conditioner , as a stabilizer for ion-exchange resins in water treatment, [ 3 ] in the remediation of polluted environments and as a drilling additive. [ 4 ]
Depending on the source material, product quality varies. High quality oxidized lignite (brown coal), usually referred to as leonardite, is the best source material for extraction of large quantities of potassium humate. The less oxidized the coal, the less potassium humate extracted. Sources low in ash produce the best quality.
In economic geology, the term humate refers to geological materials, such as weathered coal beds (leonardite), mudrock, or pore material in sandstones, that are rich in humic acids. Humate has been mined from the Fruitland Formation of New Mexico for use as a soil amendment since the 1970s, with nearly 60,000 metric tons produced by 2016. [ 39 ]
Mine Major commodities Coordinates Associated town Owner Dates Comments References; 777 Mine Copper Zinc Silver Gold: Flin Flon: Hudbay Minerals: 2004-2022 [1] [2]Allan
Maddingley Mine is a mine near Bacchus Marsh Railway Station, [1] Victoria, Australia, that contains a concentration of a particular brown coal formation called Leonardite. A relatively high altitude formation, Maddingley brown coal is distinguished as having 60% moisture content and a rich fulvic acid and humic acid content. [2]
Leonardite is a soil conditioner rich in humic acids that is formed by natural oxidation when lignite comes in contact with air. [36] The process can be replicated artificially on a large scale. [37] The less matured xyloid (wood-shaped) lignite also contains high amounts of humic acid. [38]
The International Humic Substances Society maintains a collection of standard and reference samples of humic and fulvic acids extracted and fractionated from leonardite, river water, a mineral soil, and peat, plus natural organic matter isolated from river water by reverse osmosis, [4] without fractionation. [5]
The following table lists the coal mines in the United States that produced at least 4,000,000 short tons of coal.. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), there were 853 coal mines in the U.S. in 2015, producing a total of 896,941,000 short tons of coal.