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Ethanol intended for industrial use is often produced from ethylene. [161] Ethanol has widespread use as a solvent of substances intended for human contact or consumption, including scents, flavorings, colorings, and medicines. In chemistry, it is both a solvent and a feedstock for the synthesis of other products.
Ethanol is also produced industrially from ethylene by hydration of the double bond in the presence of a catalyst and high temperature. C 2 H 4 + H 2 O → C 2 H 5 OH Most ethanol is produced by fermentation.
Methanol is the simpler molecule, and ethanol can be made from methanol. Methanol can be produced industrially from nearly any biomass, including animal waste, or from carbon dioxide and water or steam by first converting the biomass to synthesis gas in a gasifier. It can also be produced in a laboratory using electrolysis or enzymes. [1]
Biodiesel production is the process of producing the biofuel, biodiesel, through the chemical reactions of transesterification and esterification. [1] This process renders a product (chemistry) and by-products. The fats and oils react with short-chain alcohols (typically methanol or ethanol). The alcohols used should be of low molecular weight.
Since the 1970s, the U.S. has subsidized ethanol produced from food crops, especially from corn, thus providing a homegrown, alternative fuel source for our automobiles. But for multiple reasons ...
Industrial fermentation is the intentional use of fermentation in manufacturing processes. In addition to the mass production of fermented foods and drinks, industrial fermentation has widespread applications in chemical industry. Commodity chemicals, such as acetic acid, citric acid, and ethanol are made by fermentation. [1]
The production of fuel ethanol from corn in the United States is controversial for a few reasons. Production of ethanol from corn is 5 to 6 times less efficient than producing it from sugarcane. The reason that corn has been notoriously used for ethanol production is because farmers are either paid to destroy crops or to not grow corn crops.
Jul. 23—At a time when oil prices have made it particularly painful to gas up a vehicle, when western democracies are struggling with the ethics of buying oil from countries like Saudi Arabia ...