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Erosional surfaces within the stratigraphic record are known as unconformities, but not all unconformities are buried erosion surfaces. Erosion surfaces vary in scale and can be formed on a mountain range or a rock. [2] Particularly large and flat erosion surfaces receive the names of peneplain, paleoplain, planation surface or pediplain. An ...
Paleoplain - A buried erosion plain; a particularly large and flat erosion surface; Pediment – Very gently sloping inclined bedrock surface; Pediplain – Extensive plain formed by the coalescence of pediments; Peneplain – Low-relief plain formed by protracted erosion; Planation surface – Large-scale land surface that is almost flat
A marine terrace represents the former shoreline of a sea or ocean. It can be formed by marine abrasion or erosion of materials comprising the shoreline (marine-cut terraces or wave-cut platforms); the accumulations of sediments in the shallow-water to slightly emerged coastal environments (marine-built terraces or raised beach); or the bioconstruction by coral reefs and accumulation of reef ...
The lowering of a fluvial surface, such as a stream bed or floodplain, through erosional processes. dendrite A crystal that develops with a typical multi-branching tree-like form. Denudation The lowering of the earth's surface through chemical and physical weathering. deposition The geological process by which material is added to a landform or ...
Erosion and changes in the form of river banks may be measured by inserting metal rods into the bank and marking the position of the bank surface along the rods at different times. [23] Thermal erosion is the result of melting and weakening permafrost due to moving water. [24] It can occur both along rivers and at the coast.
Bank erosion is the wearing away of the banks of a stream or river. This is distinguished from changes on the bed of the watercourse, which is referred to as scour. Erosion and changes in the form of river banks may be measured by inserting metal rods into the bank and marking the position of the bank surface along the rods at different times. [18]
Tectonic uplift and climate change are viewed as dominant mechanisms that can shape the earth’s surface through erosion. River terraces can be influenced by one or both of these forcing mechanisms and therefore can be used to study variation in tectonics, climate, and erosion, and how these processes interact.
River valley: a depression carved by fluvial erosion by a river. Area of subsidence caused by the collapse of an underlying structure, such as sinkholes in karst terrain. Sink : an endorheic depression generally containing a persistent or intermittent (seasonal) lake , a salt flat (playa) or dry lake , or an ephemeral lake .
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