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The Zimmermann Telegram (as it was sent from Washington to Mexico) encrypted as ciphertext. KGB ciphertext found in a hollow nickel in Brooklyn in 1953. In cryptography, ciphertext or cyphertext is the result of encryption performed on plaintext using an algorithm, called a cipher. [1]
The encrypting procedure is varied depending on the key, which changes the detailed operation of the algorithm. A key must be selected before using a cipher to encrypt a message. Without knowledge of the key, it should be extremely difficult, if not impossible, to decrypt the resulting ciphertext into readable plaintext.
The table on the right is an aid for converting between plaintext and ciphertext using the characters at left as the key. In cryptography , the one-time pad ( OTP ) is an encryption technique that cannot be cracked , but requires the use of a single-use pre-shared key that is larger than or equal to the size of the message being sent.
The debate is polarized around two opposing views. Those who see strong encryption as a problem making it easier for criminals to hide their illegal acts online and others who argue that encryption keep digital communications safe. The debate heated up in 2014, when Big Tech like Apple and Google set encryption by default in their devices.
In cryptography, a substitution cipher is a method of encrypting in which units of plaintext are replaced with the ciphertext, in a defined manner, with the help of a key; the "units" may be single letters (the most common), pairs of letters, triplets of letters, mixtures of the above, and so forth. The receiver deciphers the text by performing ...
Step-by-step process for the double columnar transposition cipher. In cryptography, a transposition cipher (also known as a permutation cipher) is a method of encryption which scrambles the positions of characters (transposition) without changing the characters themselves.
The operation of the keystream generator in A5/1, an LFSR-based stream cipher used to encrypt mobile phone conversations.. A stream cipher is a symmetric key cipher where plaintext digits are combined with a pseudorandom cipher digit stream ().
The ROT13 and ROT47 are fairly easy to implement using the Unix terminal application tr; to encrypt the string "Pack My Box With Five Dozen Liquor Jugs" in ROT13: $ # Map upper case A-Z to N-ZA-M and lower case a-z to n-za-m $ tr 'A-Za-z' 'N-ZA-Mn-za-m' <<< "Pack My Box With Five Dozen Liquor Jugs" Cnpx Zl Obk Jvgu Svir Qbmra Yvdhbe Whtf