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The embryo is surrounded by the thin membranes of the amniotic sac, the umbilical cord is seen in the center, attaching the embryo to the placenta. The umbilical cord develops from and contains remnants of the yolk sac and allantois. It forms by the fifth week of development, replacing the yolk sac as the source of nutrients for the embryo. [2]
The amnion is the innermost layer and, therefore, contacts the amniotic fluid, the fetus and the umbilical cord. [5] The internal pressure of the amniotic fluid causes the amnion to be passively attached to the chorion. [4] The chorion functions to separate the amnion from the maternal decidua and uterus. [4]
Human embryonic development covers the first eight weeks of development, which have 23 stages, called Carnegie stages. At the beginning of the ninth week, the embryo is termed a fetus (spelled "foetus" in British English). In comparison to the embryo, the fetus has more recognizable external features and a more complete set of developing organs.
In a subgroup of premature babies born before 32 weeks of pregnancy, 44.9% (449/1001) with immediate cord clamping experienced hypothermia after birth, compared to 51.2% (509/994) of those with ...
The umbilical cord is the connecting cord from the embryo or fetus to the placenta. After about ten weeks of gestational age—which is the same as eight weeks after conception—the embryo becomes known as a fetus. [45] At the beginning of the fetal stage, the risk of miscarriage decreases sharply. [46]
Around 10th week, the intestine returns to the abdominal cavity and the process is completed by the 12th week. [2] [3] Persistence of intestine or the presence of other abdominal viscera (e.g. stomach, liver) in the umbilical cord results in an omphalocele.
The amniotic membrane and its contents form the umbilical cord that connects the embryo and the placenta. [3] [4] The root of the connecting stalk contains the allantois as a diverticulum of hindgut endoderm along with umbilical vessels. [5] [2] Anomalies are usually referred to as body stalk anomalies and occur in approximately 1 in 15,000 ...
The blood flow through the umbilical cord is approximately 35 mL/min at 20 weeks, and 240 mL/min at 40 weeks of gestation. [18] Adapted to the weight of the fetus, this corresponds to 115 mL/min/kg at 20 weeks and 64 mL/min/kg at 40 weeks. [18]
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