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Functional isomers are structural isomers which have different functional groups, resulting in significantly different chemical and physical properties. [ 11 ] An example is the pair propanal H 3 C–CH 2 –C(=O)-H and acetone H 3 C–C(=O)–CH 3 : the first has a –C(=O)H functional group, which makes it an aldehyde , whereas the second has ...
Isotopomers or isotopic isomers are isomers with isotopic atoms, having the same number of each isotope of each element but differing in their positions in the molecule. The result is that the molecules are either constitutional isomers or stereoisomers solely based on isotopic location.
Isomers do not necessarily share similar chemical or physical properties. Two main forms of isomerism are structural (or constitutional) isomerism, in which bonds between the atoms differ; and stereoisomerism or (spatial isomerism), in which the bonds are the same but the relative positions of the atoms differ. Isomeric relationships form a ...
The dimer of cyclobutadiene occurs as a cis isomer and a trans isomer. Both isomers convert to COT (symmetry forbidden hence stable) with a half-life of 20 minutes at 140 °C [ 10 ] Tetracyclo[3,3,0,0 2,4 ,0 3,6 ] octa-7-ene is only known as its 4-carbomethoxy derivative.
Most alkenes are also isomers of cycloalkanes. Acyclic alkene structural isomers with only one double bond follow: [6] C 2 H 4: ethylene only; C 3 H 6: propylene only; C 4 H 8: 3 isomers: 1-butene, 2-butene, and isobutylene; C 5 H 10: 5 isomers: 1-pentene, 2-pentene, 2-methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 2-methyl-2-butene
The two tautomers of an amino acid: (1) neutral and (2) zwitterionic forms In chemistry, tautomers (/ ˈ t ɔː t ə m ər /) [1] are structural isomers (constitutional isomers) of chemical compounds that readily interconvert.
Four constitutional isomers are possible, differing by the relative positions of the sulfur and nitrogen atoms. The nomenclature thus includes the locations of each of those three atoms, with the first of the three numbers referring to the sulfur.
It is a constitutional isomer of m-xylene and p-xylene, the mixture being called xylene or xylenes. o-Xylene is a colourless slightly oily flammable liquid. [7]