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Imperialist ideologies, in Russia and more widely, discouraged research emphasising an ancient or distinctive history for Inner Eurasian peoples. [85] Arabic sources portray Rus ' people fairly clearly as a raiding and trading diaspora , or as mercenaries, under the Volga Bulghars or the Khazars, rather than taking a role in state formation.
The most common theory about the origins of Russians is the Germanic version. The name Rus ', like the Proto-Finnic name for Sweden (*roocci), [2] supposed to be descended from an Old Norse term for "the men who row" (rods-) as rowing was the main method of navigating the rivers of Eastern Europe, and that it could be linked to the Swedish coastal area of Roslagen or Roden, as it was known in ...
Proponents of this concept cite the historically disputed use of a common Old Russian language, close regional political and economic ties, a common spiritual and material culture, a common Russian Orthodox religion, a shared system of law, customs, traditions, and warfare, a common struggle against external enemies and the awareness of the unity of the Rus depicted in the sources as ...
During the prehistoric eras the vast steppes of Southern Russia were home to tribes of nomadic pastoralists. (In classical antiquity, the Pontic Steppe was known as "Scythia". [15]) Remnants of these long-gone steppe cultures were discovered in the course of the 20th century in such places as Ipatovo, [15] Sintashta, [16] Arkaim, [17] and ...
"Rus' land" from the Primary Chronicle, a copy of the Laurentian Codex. During its existence, Kievan Rus' was known as the "Rus' land" (Old East Slavic: ро́усьскаѧ землѧ́, romanized: rusĭskaę zemlę, from the ethnonym Роусь, Rusĭ; Medieval Greek: Ῥῶς, romanized: Rhos; Arabic: الروس, romanized: ar-Rūs), in Greek as Ῥωσία, Rhosia, in Old French as Russie ...
Western Russian group / Western Ruthenian group / Western Old East Slavs ("Russians" or "Russian group" in the broad sense means Old East Slavic peoples, the common group from where modern ethnic groups or peoples of the Rusinians, Ukrainians, Belarusians and Russians descend and not only Russians in the narrow sense)
Russian and later Soviet cinema was a hotbed of invention, resulting in world-renowned films such as The Battleship Potemkin. [159] Soviet-era filmmakers, most notably Sergei Eisenstein and Andrei Tarkovsky, would go on to become among of the world's most innovative and influential directors.
As a result, the vassal princes and boyars were transformed into state servants, who received estates for service in conditional holding (less often - in fiefdom). Thus, the "Landed Army" (Russian: Поместное войско) was formed, the bulk of which were noblemen and "boyar's children", with their armed slaves.