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Neuro-ophthalmologic examination showing ophthalmoplegia affecting the left eye in a patient with Tolosa–Hunt syndrome.The central image represents forward gaze, and each image around it represents gaze in that direction (for example, in the upper left image, the patient looks up and right; the left eye is unable to accomplish this movement).
Needle-in-the-eye syndrome, sharp short-lived head pain, [1] jabs and jolts syndrome [2] Ophthalmodynia periodica , also known as " ice-pick headache ", is a primary headache disorder , so it is not caused by any other conditions.
Tolosa–Hunt syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by severe and unilateral headaches with orbital pain, along with weakness and paralysis (ophthalmoplegia) of certain eye muscles (extraocular palsies). [1] In 2004, the International Headache Society provided a definition of the diagnostic criteria which included granuloma. [2]
This is a partial list of human eye diseases and disorders. The World Health Organization (WHO) publishes a classification of known diseases and injuries, the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, or ICD-10. This list uses that classification.
Major symptoms are sudden loss of vision (partial or complete), sudden blurred or "foggy" vision, and; pain on movement of the affected eye. [4] [5] [2]Many patients with optic neuritis may lose some of their color vision in the affected eye (especially red), with colors appearing subtly washed out compared to the other eye.
Eye strain, also known as asthenopia (from astheno- 'loss of strength' and -opia 'relating to the eyes'), is a common eye condition that manifests through non-specific symptoms such as fatigue, pain in or around the eyes, blurred vision, headache, and occasional double vision. [1]
A common cause of horizontal gaze palsies are strokes involving pontine structures, abducens nerve, or the motor cortex. [5] Horizontal gaze palsy has also been reported in cases of metastasis, [6] hemorrhage, [7] neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, [8] and multiple sclerosis.
A lesion, which is an abnormality in tissue due to injury or disease, can disrupt the transmission of signals from the brain to the eye. Almost all conjugate gaze palsies originate from a lesion somewhere in the brain stem , usually the midbrain , or pons .